摘要
为了探明马铃薯连作的土壤障碍机理,减轻连作对块茎产量和植株生长的影响,通过大田试验,研究马铃薯连作年限对土壤表层（0～20cm）盐分积累和水溶性盐离子组成的影响.结果表明：马铃薯连作显著增加了土壤的全盐含量,连作3a（CP3）、4a（CP4）和5a（CP5）的土壤总盐量分别比对照（轮作,RP）增加了89.9%、155.6%和157.6%.随连作年限延长,土壤的电导率（EC）也随之升高,CP3、CP4和CP5分别比RP增加了41.7%、41.7%和56.3%.马铃薯连作增加了表层土壤中K^＋、Na^＋、Mg^2＋、Cl^-和HCO^3-的含量,其中以Na^＋和Cl^-的增加最为显著,CP3、CP4和CP5处理的Na^＋含量分别比RP增加了47.6%、52.4%和57.1%,最快,CP3、CP4和CP5的Cl^-分别比RP增加100.0%、150.0%和455.0%.马铃薯连作降低了表层土壤Ca^2＋的含量,CP3、CP4和CP5分别比RP降低了23.3%、32.1%和48.2%.连作3a（CP3）是马铃薯＂大西洋＂块茎产量大幅度下降的阈值点,同时也是表层土壤中全盐量超过3.0g/kg的起始点.表层土壤中盐分的积累及其组成的相对变化可能是导致甘肃中部沿黄灌区马铃薯＂大西洋＂连作障碍的重要原因之一.
Continuous monocropping barrier resulting from intensive potato production lead to large range of plant soil-borne barrier and the significant decline in tuber yield,which is bad for the healthy development of the potato industry locally.It is necessary to increase the understandings about the shifts of soil properties involved in continuous cropping barrier.The field experiment was conducted in the Yellow River irrigation area of the central Gansu Province.The field experiment was carried out to study the effects of continuous potato cropping on salt accumulation and ion composition in upper soils（0～20cm）.The results showed that compared with the control（rotation cropping,CK）,the content of total salt in field of three years continuous potato cropping（CP3）,four years continuous potato cropping（CP4）and five years continuous potato cropping（CP5）increased by 89.9%,155.6%and 157.6%,respectively.The obvious increase in electrical conductivity（EC）was also observed with the years of continuous potato cropping,the ECof the treatments CP3,CP4 and CP5increased by 41.7%,41.7% and 56.3%,respectively,compared with RP.Among the ion compositions of the total soil salt,the content of K^＋,Na^＋,Mg^2＋,Cl^- and HCO^3- increased with the duration of continuous potato cropping,but the content of Ca^2＋ decreased significantly.The contents of Na^＋ and Cl^- increased most.The content of Na^＋ in CP3,CP4 and CP5treatments increased by 47.6%,52.4% and 57.1%,and the content of Cl^- in CP3,CP4 and CP5treatments increased by 100.0%,150.0% and 455.0% compared with RP.The content of Ca^2＋in CP3,CP4 and CP5treatments decreased by 23.3%,32.1%and 48.2%compared with RP.The three years of continuous potato cropping（CP3）seemed as a critical point both for the potato tuber yield decrease and the increase of total salt in layer soil,which indicated that the salt accumulation and the changes of water soluble salt ion composition might be the significant causes leading to the obstacles of continuous potato cropping in the Yellow River irrigation areas in Gansu Province.
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期40-45,共6页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103004)
国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD06B03)
甘肃省科技重大专项(1102NKDM025)
关键词
马铃薯
连作
土壤盐积累
土壤电导率
potato
continuous cropping
soil salt accumulation
soil electrical conductivity
