摘要
目的探讨呼吸内科老年住院患者医院感染的危险因素。方法收集2012年4月至2014年4月我院呼吸内科住院的老年患者275例为研究对象。根据患者是否发生感染分为感染组(31例)和非感染组(244例)。患者入院后,对患者进行详细记录,进行相关化验、检查并对症治疗。患者信息包括姓名、性别、年龄、慢性疾病、是否吞咽困难等。对患者行血培养或痰培养,根据培养结果进行抗菌药物治疗。对医院感染组和非感染组进行方差分析。分析危险因素。结果医院感染部位及发生率如下:275例呼吸内科住院的老年患者发生医院感染31例,感染发生率为11.27%。其中,呼吸道感染16例(占51.61%),泌尿道感染12例(占38.71%),其他感染3例(占9.68%)。结果表明,感染部位以呼吸道感染为主,其次为泌尿道感染。共分离得病原菌37株,其中真菌20株(54.05%);革兰阴性菌12株(32.44%),革兰阳性菌5株(13.51%)。组间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论呼吸内科老年住院患者发生医院感染和患者长期卧床、吞咽困难、侵入性操作有相关性,临床工作中要针对这些危险因素采取相应的预防控制措施,避免发生院内感染。
Objective To explore the risk factors for the respiratory medicine older patients with nosocomial infection. Methods 275 cases of patients with respiratory medicine were divided into infection group（31 cases） and no-infection group（244 cases）. After admitted to hospital, recorded the information of the patients, treated symptomatic. To blood culture or sputum culture, treated according to the culture results. Results The rate of hospital infection site as follows： there was 31 cases with nosocomial infection, the total infection rate was 11.27%. 16 cases（51.61%） of respiractory tract infections, 12 cases（38.71%） of urinary system infection, 3 cases（9.68%） of other conditions. The results showed that the highest rate was respiractory tract infections, in the second place was urinary system infection. There was 37 cases canopy pathogen, with 20 cases （54.05%） fungus; 12 cases （32.44%） G-, 5 cases （13.51%） G^＋. There were significant difference on long-term bed, dysphagia, invasive procedure（P〈0.05）. Conclusion There has correlation on long-term bed, dysphagia, invasive procedure, and avoid nosocomial infection. In the clinical work, we should take action to avoid nosoeomial infection.
出处
《中国医药指南》
2015年第14期33-34,共2页
Guide of China Medicine
