摘要
为烤烟合理施用氮肥和土壤改良提供理论和技术依据,采用田间试验研究氮肥与土壤改良剂配施对烤烟产量、产值、上等烟比例、叶片氮磷钾含量、品质指标含量和土壤氮、磷、钾含量的影响。结果表明,随着施氮量增加,不施土壤改良剂和施用土壤改良剂的烟叶产量和产值均随着施氮量的增加而增加;烟叶均价和上等烟比例呈抛物线变化趋势,分别在施氮45.0、67.5kg/hm^2时最高;相同施氮量,施用土壤改良剂的烤烟产量和产值均高于不施土壤改良剂的,但施氮量超过67.5kg/hm^2时,会降低烤烟的均价和上等烟比例。在圆顶期和成熟期,随着施氮量增加,不施土壤改良剂和施用土壤改良剂的烤烟叶片含氮量、含磷量、含钾量均呈增加趋势;相同施氮量,相比不施土壤改良剂的,增施土壤改良剂的烤烟叶片含氮量、含磷量、含钾量均明显提高,中部叶和上部叶氯离子含量降低,土壤速效氮、磷、钾含量有所提高。本试验条件下,施氮量在67.5-90.0kg/hm^2,配施土壤改良剂30.0kg/hm^2时,土壤供肥能力强,烟叶品质好,烤烟的产量和产值均较高,分别为2487-2588kg/hm^2、43538-44202元/hm^2。
In order to provide theoretical and technical basis for reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizerand soil improvement of flue-cured tobacco,influence of nitrogen fertilizer combined with soil conditioner onyield,leaf-value,proportion of superior tobacco,NPK content in tobacco leaves,quality indicators content,soilavailable NPK content were studied through field experiment.Results showed that,no application of soilconditioner and application of soil conditioner both increased tobacco leaf yield and leaf-value with nitrogenapplication rate increase; average price and proportion of superior tobacco both showed a parabola changetrend,which was the highest with the nitrogen application rate of 45.0 and 67.5 kg/hm^2,respectively; with thesame nitrogen rate,application of soil conditioner could obtain higher yield and value of flue-cured tobaccothan those without the application of soil conditioner,but when nitrogen application rate was more than 67.5 kg/hm^2,it reduced average price and proportion of superior tobacco.In dome period and mature period,noapplication of soil conditioner and application of soil conditioner significantly increased nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium content in leaf of flue-cured tobacco with nitrogen application rate increase.With the same nitrogenrate,compared to no application of soil conditioner,application of soil conditioner increased nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium content in leaf of flue-cured tobacco,decreased content of chlorine ion in middle leafand upper leaf,increased available NPK amount in soil.In this experiment,under nitrogen application rate of 67.5-90.0 kg/hm^2 combined with soil conditioner application of 30.0 kg/hm^2,the ability of soil suppliednutrient was strong,tobacco leaf quality was good,tobacco leaf yield and leaf-value were very high,which was2487-2588 kg/hm^2 and 43538-44202 yuan/hm^2,respectively.nitrogen fertilizer; soil conditioner; flue-cured tobacco; yield; quality
出处
《中国农学通报》
2015年第13期56-61,共6页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
河南省烟草专卖局重点科技项目"驻马店烟区烤烟营养均衡与烟叶低危害关键技术研究"(HYKJ201102)
河南省烟草专卖局重点科技项目"烤烟平衡施肥技术推广"(HYKJ201303)
河南省产学研合作项目"烟株营养调控技术研究及高钾型包膜肥料研发"(142107000034)
关键词
氮肥
土壤改良剂
烤烟
产量
质量
nitrogen fertilizer
soil conditioner
flue-cured tobacco
yield
quality
