摘要
以抗旱性不同的西农979(干旱敏感型)和长旱343(抗旱型)为试验材料,采用人工控水模拟干旱胁迫,研究灌浆期干旱对小麦籽粒灌浆的影响及其与内源激素变化的关系。结果表明:2个品种籽粒灌浆对干旱的响应不同,相比较于对照(正常水分处理,灌浆期土壤水势保持在-20^-30kPa,T1),重度干旱胁迫(灌浆期土壤水势保持在-70^-80kPa,T3)显著降低西农979强势粒和弱势粒的最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率和粒质量,且对弱势粒的抑制作用显著高于强势粒,而重度干旱胁迫仅降低长旱343弱势粒籽粒的最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率和粒质量,对其强势粒籽粒灌浆无显著影响。与重度干旱不同,中度干旱(灌浆期土壤水势保持在-40^-50kPa,T2)显著促进2个小麦品种籽粒的最大灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率,增加籽粒质量。激素测定结果表明,与对照相比,中度和重度干旱对长旱343强势粒IAA、Z+ZR、ABA和GAs的质量分数变化均无显著影响,对于长旱343弱势粒和西农979强、弱势粒,中度干旱胁迫显著提高IAA、Z+ZR和ABA的质量分数,降低GAs的质量分数,而重度干旱胁迫显著降低IAA和Z+ZR的质量分数,提高ABA和GAs的质量分数。说明,小麦弱势粒对干旱胁迫的敏感性强于强势粒,适度干旱有利于小麦籽粒灌浆,而重度干旱对小麦籽粒灌浆存在明显抑制作用。干旱胁迫对小麦籽粒灌浆的影响与多种内源激素的变化有关,不是通过某一种激素调节籽粒灌浆。
Xinong 979 is sensitive to drought stress and Changhan 343 is drought resistance cultivar, the two wheat cultivars of Xinong 979 and Changhan 343 were taken as materials, The influences of drought on grain filling of winter wheat and the its relationship with endogenous hormonal changes in grains was study in the paper. The result showed that two cultivars had different response to drought on grain filling. Severe drought stress （T3） significantly decreased the maximal grain filling rate and the average filling rate, and reduced the grain weight of different grain position of Xinong 979 com- pared with the control group. For Changhan 343, severe drought stress （T3） just decreased the maximal grain filling rate and he average filling rate, reduced the grain weight of inferior grains while drought had no significant effect for strong grain filling. However, moderate drought（T2） could dramatically improved the grain filling rate and increased grain weight compared with severe drought stress（T3）. In the meantime, hormone assay indicated that serious soil water stress and moderate drought stress had no significant effect on superior grain filling o{ Changhan 343 compared with the control. But moderate drought stress increased the concentration of IAA,Z＋ZR and ABA, decreased concentration of GAs in grains of inferior of Changhan 343, as well as strong and weak grain of Xinong 979. Severe drought stress significantly decreased the concentration of IAA and Z＋ZR, in- creased ABA and GAs. The above results showed that inferior grain for wheat had more sensitive to superior grain under water stress. Moderate drought could beneficial to grain filling but serious water stress demonstrated inhibitory effect on grain filling of wheat. Besides, the effect of drought stress on grain filling under had relation with change of several endogenous hormones.
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期41-47,共7页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(31301260)
高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20120204120020)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(QN2013003)
关键词
干旱胁迫
籽粒灌浆
小麦
激素
Water stress
Grain filling
Wheat
Hormone
