摘要
博斯腾湖位于新疆维吾尔自治区巴音郭楞蒙古自治州天山南坡焉耆盆地东南,是目前我国最大的内陆淡水湖。随着巴州经济的发展,博斯腾湖流域出现了土壤盐渍化、水质劣化、湖滨湿地退化等一系列生态环境问题。对博斯腾湖矿化度、水位历史变化进行分析,阐述了博斯腾湖水体矿化度的变化趋势,调查分析了各区域矿化度分布。定量分析了影响矿化度的各因子;同时对博斯腾湖污染负荷贡献较大的离子进行相关性分析;对比分析了重点农排渠。从本质上分析了博斯腾湖水体矿化度的成因,并提出了水体矿化度调控对策。因此,为抑制博斯腾湖水质恶化趋势,确保流域可持续发展,必需严格控制流域工农业用水量及工农业、生活污染源,实施节水灌溉,不断减少排入博斯腾湖的农田污水;积极开发焉耆盆地的水源地,确保开都河有一定量的淡水补给博斯腾湖,在丰水期要加大湖水循环;合理保护和利用天然湿地,并推广人工湿地技术等。
Bosten Lake is located in the south slope of the Tianshan Mountains,Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region,Mongolia Autonomons State in Yanqi Basin,and it is China＇s largest inland freshwater lake.With the economic development of Bayinguolen Monggolian Autonomous Prefecture,it brought a series of ecological environment problems in Bostan Lake Basin,such as soil salinization,water-quality deterioration,and lakeside wetland degradation and so on.The variable trend of mineralization degree of the lake is discussed.And an analysis is made of the mineralization of the regional distribution of Lake Bosten.A quantitative analysis is made of the factors that influence the degree of mineralization;while some ion correlation analysis is made,these ions contribute to greater pollution load on Bosten.a comparative analysis is made of the focus of agricultural drainage row.The main and key factors that influence the mineralization degree of the lake are analyzed.Finally,countermeasures about mineralization control are put foreword.Therefore,in order to utilize the water resources of Lake Bosten and inhibit the deterioration of water quality,and strictly control the industrial and agricultural water consumption,reduce the emissions of industrial,agricultural and domestic pollution,implementation of water-saving irrigation,reduce farmland sewage discharged into Bosten Lake;Positive development in Yanqi basin of water,and ensure the Kaidu River,there is a certain amount of fresh water supplies increasing the water circulation in Bosten Lake in the wet period.
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2015年第5期97-101,共5页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目"干旱区湖泊流域陆面过程及人类活动适应性-以艾比湖流域为例"(41130531)
水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目"内陆干旱区实施最严格水资源管理关键技术"(201301103)
关键词
博斯腾湖
矿化度
调控
Bosten Lake
mineralization
control
