摘要
缓控释肥料作为一类新型肥料已成为近年来的研究热点，但对土壤微生物群落多样性影响规律的研究甚少．研究采用磷脂脂肪酸法分析缓释复合肥（SRF）、化肥（CF）和普通复合肥（CCF）分别施入酸性土和微碱性土恒温培养10、30、60和90d后的微生物群落结构多样性．结果表明，缓释复合肥等肥料施人2种土壤恒温培养（10～90d）后检测到多种细菌（13：0，i14：0，14：0，i15：0，a15：0，i16：0，161120H，16：1w5c，16：0，i17：0，a17：0，cyl7：0，17：020H，i18：0，18：0，cyl9：Ow8C），2种放线菌（10Mel7：0和10Mel8：0）和1种真菌（18：1w9c）．SRF在酸性土壤培养前期（10d和30d）较CF显著增加真菌PLFA含量8．3％和6．8％，在培养后期（60d和90d）较CCF显著增加真菌PLFA含量22．7％和17．1％；SRF较CF和CCF显著增加微碱性土壤在整个恒温培养期（30d除外）土壤细菌、真菌和革兰氏阳性菌PLFA含量．酸性土壤培养30d和90d时一般饱和脂肪酸／单烯不饱和脂肪酸PLFA值以SRF显著高于不施肥（CK）、CF和CCF，而在微碱性土壤上SRF仅在恒温培养60d时显著高于CK、CF和CCF；SRF较CCF显著降低酸性土壤（30～90d）和微碱性土壤（10～60d）异构PLFA／反异构FLFA值．从2种土壤PLFA种类、含量以及相对丰度等可知缓释复合肥较化肥和普通复合肥提高了土壤微生物PLFA种类和含量以及减弱对微生物生存环境的胁迫，缓释复合肥在2种土壤中尤其对酸性土的作用明显．通过研究缓释复合肥对土壤微生物群落结构多样性的影响，以期为农业生产上广泛施用缓释复合肥提供科学依据．
As a new style fertilizer, slow-control release fertilizer had been an important subject in recent years, but few researches were about soil microbial community structure diversity. Phospholipid fatty acid method was used to determined the microbial community structure diversity of acid soil and slight alkaline soil applied with slow-release compound fertilizer （SRF）, chemical fertilizer （CF） and common compound fertilizer （CCF） at the 10th, 30th, 60th and 90th day under the constant temperature incubation condition. Results indicated that various bacteria （i. e 13：0,i14：0,14：0,i15：0,a15：0,i16：0,16：120H, 16：1w5c,16：0, i17：0, a17：0, cy17：0,17：02OH, i18：0,18：0 and cy19：0w8c） , two actinomycetes （ 10Mel7：0 and 10Me18：0） and only one fungus （18 ： 1 wgc） were detected in two soils after applying slow-release compound fertilizer and other fertilizers during the whole incubation period. SRF could significantly increase the fungi PLFA content by 8.3% and 6.8% at the early stage （the 10th dayand 30th day） compared with CF, as well as significantly increase by 22.7% and 17. 1% at the late stage （the 60th day and 90th day） compared with CCF in acid soil. SRF significantly increased bacteria, fungi and gram positive bacteria compared with CF and CCF in incubation period （except at the 30th day） in slight alkaline soil. SRF could significantly improve the ratio of normal saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid at the 30th day and 90th days in acid soil compared with no fertilizer（ CK）, CF and CCF, while as to slight alkaline soil, SRF was significantly greater than that of CK, CF and CCF only at the 60th day. SRF could significantly decrease the ratio of iso PLFA and anteiso PLFA in acid soil （in 30-90 days） and slight alkaline soil （in 10-60 days）. For two soils PLFA varieties, contents and ratios of microbial community, slow-release compound fertilizer increased soil microbial PLFA varieties and contents, and decreased the influence to microbial survival environment, especially for the acid soil. Through the research of slow- release compound fertilizer on soil microbial community structure diversity, it could provide a scientific basis for widely application of slow-release compound fertilizer in agricultural production.
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期1461-1467,共7页
Environmental Science
基金
科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(2007GB2F100266)
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07104-003)
关键词
缓释复合肥
磷脂脂肪酸
微生物群落结构
酸性土壤
微碱性土壤
slow-release compound fertilizer（SRF）
phospholipid fatty acid（PLFA）
microbial community structure
acid soil
slightalkaline soil
