摘要
水稻温室立体育秧技术具有节省秧田、减少土地浪费,利于标准化集中育秧等特点,但立体育秧中秧架各层之间光线互相遮挡造成的秧苗采光不足的问题,需要采用补光技术来改善秧架内光照条件以保证秧苗生长。该文基于植物光学理论分析确定水稻秧苗生长所需的红蓝光通量比(简称红蓝光比)范围,运用光照分析理论确定温室内光照度,并采用Ecotect软件进行温室内光环境模拟仿真。在理论分析和仿真结果的基础上研究不同补光条件对水稻秧苗生长质量的影响,采用LED植物补光灯分别对立体秧架上除顶层外的各层秧苗进行补光,设计红蓝光比、光照度及秧层间距3个因素的正交试验,分析不同红蓝光比、光照度和秧层间距对水稻秧苗素质的影响。试验结果表明,红蓝光比10:1、光照度2 500 lx的光处理对水稻苗茎伸长生长促进作用更好;红蓝光比8:1的光处理则对水稻幼苗干物质积累和根系盘结作用更好,而且比红蓝光比10:1和6:1的光处理的壮苗指数要高。分析得出各个因素对水稻秧苗素质影响的主次顺序为:红蓝光比>光照度>秧层间距,最佳的补光条件为:红蓝光比8:1,光照度2 500 lx,秧层间距45 cm。该文的研究结果为水稻工厂化立体育秧技术提供了参考。
The technique of greenhouse stereoscopic seedling nursing in rice seedlings has many benefits, such as achieving the efficient use of seedling land and promoting standard centralized rice seedling. However, since multiple layers of seedbeds are stacked together and block light from each other, the problem of insufficient lighting arises from greenhouse stereoscopic nursing. Therefore, artificial supplemental lighting technology needs to be applied in the greenhouse in order to improve the illumination conditions of the seedbed layers, thus to enhance the quality of rice seedlings. In this paper, the range of flux ratio of red to blue light required for rice seedlings growth optimally was determined based on fundamental findings of the plant optical theoretical analysis; the light intensity distribution inside the greenhouse was calculated based on the theory of illumination analysis; and the light environment among the layers of seedbeds inside the greenhouse was simulated using the Ecotect software. Simulation results showed that, without artificial supplemental lighting, except the top layer, the light intensity on each seedbed layer couldn’t meet the requirements of the rice seedlings growth. Based on the theoretical analysis and simulation results, the effects of different artificial lighting conditions on the growth quality of rice seedling were studied. In the study, LED plant lights were adopted to provide supplemental lighting to all seedbed layers except the top layer, and orthogonal experimental design was implemented to study the effects of the flux ratio of red to blue light, the light intensity and the frame spacing among the seedbed layers on rice seedlings quality. Experimental results from this study showed that the lighting condition with a flux ratio of red to blue light of 10：1 and a light intensity of 2 500 lx was beneficial to promoting rice stem elongation and growth; the lighting condition with a flux ratio of red to blue light of 8：1 was beneficial to retaining dry matters in rice seedlings and ensuring the tangle of the roots; and the rice seedlings processed by the lighting with a flux ratio of red to blue light of 8：1 had a higher healthy index compared to the rice seedlings processed by the lighting with a flux ratio of red to blue light of 6：1 or 10：1. The analysis of this study showed that the order of significance of the aforementioned 3 factors’ effects on the quality of rice seedlings was： flux ratio of red to blue light＆gt;light intensity＆gt;frame spacing. The best artificial lighting condition was shown to be with a flux ratio of red to blue light of 8：1, a light intensity of 2 500 lx and a frame spacing of 45 cm. The conclusions of this study may serve as a technical reference for industrialized stereoscopic rice seedlings applications and provide guidance to the greenhouse stereoscopic rice seedling nursing.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第11期228-235,235+234,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-01-33)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助(201203059)
广东省科技计划资助项目(2014B020207002)
关键词
光
发光二极管(LED)
温室
光照度
红蓝光通量比
人工补光
立体育秧
秧层间距
light
light emitting diodes
greenhouses
light intensity
flux ratio of red to blue light
artificial lighting
stereoscopic seedlings nursing
frame spacing
