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夏玉米免耕精密播种关键技术集成研究 被引量:4

Key Technology Integration of No-tillage and Precision Sowing of Summer Maize( Zea mays L. )
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摘要 为进一步研究黄淮海地区免耕精播夏玉米栽培关键技术,于2012年进行了1 a两点的大田试验,研究了种子质量、农艺措施、种肥等因素对夏玉米生长及产量的影响。结果表明,夏玉米免耕精密播种单项技术处理(分别为单种子、单镇压、单覆盖、单种肥)、CK(混粒种子,播种后不镇压+清除麦秸+不施种肥)和集成技术处理(精密种子,播种后镇压+麦秸平茬覆盖+施种肥)对其影响有差异。集成技术处理土壤含水率比单镇压、单覆盖、单种肥处理分别高15.70%、16.73%、18.64%,比CK和单种子处理高23.18%;集成技术处理的株高比单种子、单镇压、单覆盖、单种肥、CK分别高21.54%、19.96%、24.54%、18.94%、33.14%,单株叶面积分别高20.43%、17.10%、34.42%、13.05%、44.07%,单株干质量分别高37.44%、30.83%、48.81%、22.09%、58.59%。集成技术处理的苗期叶绿素SPAD值、Pn均最高,产量为10 886.71 kg/hm2,比单种子、单镇压、单覆盖、单种肥处理及CK分别增产18.61%、11.96%、13.49%、9.89%、39.04%,增效率分别为10.66%、4.64%、6.89%、5.05%、29.77%。 The effects of the key technology integration of no-tillage and precision sowing including seed quality,agronomic measures and seed manure on growth and yield of summer maize in Huanghuaihai area were explored to solve the problem of sowing key technologies with field testing in 2012 . There were sig-nificant differences among single technology processing( technology of precision seed,technology of com-paction,technology of returning straw,technology of seed manure),CK and integration technology pro-cessing( JC) of no-tilling precision sowing in summer maize. The treatment of JC combined technology of precision seed,technology of compaction,technology of returning straw,and technology of seed manure. And its soil moisture content was higher than technology of compaction, technology of returning straw, technology of seed manure 15. 70%,16. 73%,18. 64%,and was higher than CK and technology of preci-sion seed 23. 18%. The plant height of JC was higher than precision seed,technology of compaction,tech-nology of returning straw,technology of seed manure and CK 21. 54%,19. 96%,24. 54%,18. 94%, 33. 14%. The per plant leaf area was 20. 43%,17. 10%,34. 42%,13. 05%,44. 07% higher,and the per plant dry weight was 37. 44%,30. 83%,48. 81%,22. 09%,58. 59% higher. The SPAD,seedling quali-ty,leaf Pn of JC were highest among all these treatments. The yield of JC was 10 886. 71 kg/ha,and it was higher than technology of precision seed, technology of compaction, technology of returning straw, technology of seed manure and CK 18 . 61%,11 . 96%,13 . 49%,9 . 89% and 39 . 04%. The benefit effi-ciency of JC than other treatments above was 10. 66%,4. 64%,6. 89%,5. 05%,29. 77%,respectively.
出处 《河南农业科学》 CSCD 北大核心 2015年第6期29-33,55,共6页 Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金 河南省玉米产业技术体系建设专项(S2010-02-04)
关键词 夏玉米 免耕覆盖 精密播种 产量 summer maize no-tillage with mulch precision sowing yield
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