摘要
移栽后注水能够缩短钵苗的生长周期,且能起到抗旱保苗效果。传统的灌溉方式需水量大,造成水资源浪费。以玉米钵苗为研究对象,通过玉米钵苗土槽试验,确定单株钵苗的注水量100 m L以上。结合单株钵苗的注水量与本课题组正在开发的旱田钵苗移栽机构特点,设计一种穴注水机构及其试验台,并对穴注水机构出水口的运动轨迹进行分析。该机构最突出的特点是内腔不动,外腔旋转,且内腔设计一个扇形槽口,使该机构能同时对准前后两个穴口注水。选取出水口内径、电机转速和水箱液面高度为主要影响因子,水量为考核指标,进行单因素试验和正交试验。结果表明,当出水口内径16 mm,电机转速288 r·min-1水箱液面高度32 cm,注水量最大为156 m L。研究结果可为旱田钵苗移栽穴注水装备的研制提供技术依据。
After transplanting with water, it can shorten the growth cycle of pot seedling and fight against drought and keep a full stand of seedlings. However water demand is big through traditional way of irrigation, which causes unnecessary waste of water resources. At first, this paper analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of various water injection mechanism at home and abroad, then took corn pot seedling as research objects, had carried on soil bin testing to corn pot seedling, determined injected water volume of more than 100 mL per pot seedling. Combined with injected water volume per pot seedling and characteristics of dry field pot seedling transplanting mechanism which is being developed in our group, designed a kind of hole water injection mechanism and its test rig. Its working principle was stated in this paper, and analyzed the trajectories of the outlet on hole water injection mechanism. Lumen fixed and external cavity to rotate is the most prominent feature. There is a fan-shaped notches on the lumen, which makes this mechanism inject water to hole at front and back,and less water by lateral injection, more water by directly injection. Through the early stage of the test showed that outlet diameter, motor speed and water tank liquid level had a big effect on water injection volume. So these three factors were selected as main influence factors, water volume were selected as evaluation index, conducted the single factor test and orthogonal test. Results showed that water volume was the maximum which was 156 mL when the outlet diameter was 16 mm, motor speed was 288 r. min^-1, the tank liquid level height was 32 cm. The results of the study can provide technical basis for research and design hole water injection equipment in dry field pot seedling transplanting.
出处
《东北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期86-92,共7页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51175073)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费分项(201203059-01)
东北农业大学博士启动基金(2012RCB56)
关键词
移栽
玉米钵苗
穴注水机构
内腔
外腔
水量
transplant
corn pot seedling
hole water injection mechanism
lumen
external cavity
water volume
