摘要
总结我国3大类型软岩及赋存范围,并指出软岩巷道锚杆支护是在巷道浅层通过锚杆加固形成稳定的承载结构,该结构应始终保持整体完整性、具有足够的承载能力、在内部煤岩体变形时能适当让压。巷道围岩一旦揭露,无论从时间还是空间上都应及时进行锚杆支护,并施加足够的预紧力。同时软岩巷道锚杆支护应针对不同的地质和生产条件采取针对性的治理措施,如重视顶帮支护强度的协调、对煤岩体酥软的巷道应选择护表面积和强度大的构件、采用全长预应力锚固方式、采用自稳性较好的拱形断面、有效的控水措施等。详细介绍了软岩巷道锚杆支护构件优化和研究成果,介绍了高预应力、强力锚杆支护理论与技术在3类软岩支护中的典型应用实例,通过矿压监测数据分析评价支护设计的合理性和围岩稳定性。实践表明,采用高预应力锚杆支护系统能够有效控制软岩巷道围岩的强烈变形,并取得良好的支护效果。
This paper concluded Chinese 3 types soft rock and respective occurrence range and indicated that anchored bolt supporting of soft rock roadway was to form stable bearing structure in shallow surrounding rock with anchored bolt and that the structure should in -variably keep whole integrity , enough bearing ability and appropriate yield capacity .Surrounding rock once disclosed , anchored bolt should be supported in time and enough pre-stress should be exerted .Soft rock roadway supporting should consider different geological and driving condition and apply specific prevention measures , such as paying attention to accordance of roof and side supporting , se-lecting components with large area and high strength for soft coal and rock body , applying whole-length pre-stress anchorage , applying arch-shape section with high self-stability and effective water control measures .Followed by introduction of supporting components opti-mization and research fruits in anchored bolt supporting soft rock roadway and application of high pre -stress, high strength anchored bolt supporting theory and technology in 3 types soft rock , rationality of supporting design and surrounding rock stability was analyzed with underground pressure monitoring data .Practice showed that high pre-stress anchored bolt supporting system could effectively con-trol strong deformation of soft rock roadway and reach excellent supporting effect .
出处
《煤矿开采》
北大核心
2015年第3期54-59,72,共7页
Coal Mining Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(U1261211)
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAB13B02)
中国煤炭科工集团创新基金项目(2013MS010)
关键词
软岩巷道
锚杆支护
支护原则
构件优化
实例分析
soft rock roadway
anchored bolt supporting
supporting principle
component optimization
example analysis
