摘要
农村土地整治能缓解建设用地供需矛盾,但对资金需求量巨大,同时会显著改变农户的生产生活方式和土地权属关系,因此整治工程的顺利推进主要取决于地方政府的财政支撑力、市场对建设用地的价格承受力和农户意愿。本文以南京市栖霞和江宁两区万顷良田工程为例,通过问卷调研与案例分析,研究农村土地整治的区域社会经济条件满足程度与农户的意愿偏好及其影响因素。研究发现:区域层面上,政府主导下的农村土地整治具有良好的土地政策环境,但整治成本较高,达每公顷1千多万元,对政府财政与土地市场支付能力形成较大压力;微观层面上,样本农户的参与意愿达87%以上,房屋搬迁补偿标准、安置房价值、承包地处置情况与农户长期生活保障对农户参与意愿有决定作用。为此,政府应根据市场的用地需求与价格支付能力、政府财政实力合理控制土地整治规模和时序,探索以农户为单元的宅基地退出机制;探索物业补偿和留地安置方式,使农户能够长期分享土地增值收益,保障其长期生计;探索村集体和地方政府合作参与的土地整治机制,以减少地方政府财政压力和农户阻力;推进农村社会保障建设,减少农户搬迁后的长期生活担忧,以增加农户参与土地整治的意愿。
Rural land consolidation could alleviate the contradiction between construction land supply and demand effectively.Because it has a huge demand for fund and will bring a big change in farmers' production mode,lifestyle and land tenure relations,rural land consolidation depends on local governments' financial strength,premium bearing ability of construction land market and farmers' willingness.Taking‘Ten-Thousand-Hectare Fertilize Land Development Project'in Qixia and Jiangning districts of Nanjing Municipality for example,the paper is to discuss the regional social economic condition demand,farmers' willingness preferences and its influence factors during rural land consolidation through a case study and questionnaire.We find that projects in the two districts have good land policy environment.Due to the high consolidation cost,which reaches up to over 10 million yuan per hectare in Qixia and Jiangning,local governments' financial strength and payment ability in land market will be under high stress. On the micro-level,more than 87% farmers have the willingness to participate in the rural land consolidation,while housing relocation compensation standard,resettlement housing potential value,the contracted land disposal and farmers' long term life insurance play decisive roles in farmers' willingness.The research above implies that on the one hand,governments should control construction scale and progress according to the land market demand,payment ability in the land market,and government's financial capability.On the other hand,governments should take individual households as a unit to set up homestead exit mechanism and land consolidation,explore property compensation pattern,and offer certain land to them and give them the opportunity to share the long-term land value-added income.In order to lessen local governments' financial stress and farmers' opposition,village collectives and local governments both should participate in land consolidation projects. Lastly,rural social security should be built to decrease their long-term livelihood concern,in order to increase farmers' participation willingness in land consolidation.
出处
《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第1期61-67,125,共7页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
教育部人文社会科学基金一般项目"农村土地增值收益分配机制研究"(12YJA630203)
教育部哲学社会科学基金重大项目"我国建设用地总量控制与差别化管理政策研究"(11JZD031)
国家自然科学基金项目"政府主导下农地流转对农户收入不平等影响研究:作用机制与政策调控"(73141038)
