摘要
为明确4种新烟碱类杀虫剂种子包衣对花生的安全性和防治蛴螬的效果,采用砂培法,评价20℃和25℃下吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、噻虫胺和烯啶虫胺4种新烟碱类杀虫剂以及对照药剂氟虫腈种子包衣对花生的出苗及幼苗生长的影响,并进行田间药效试验。结果表明,20℃和25℃下,除烯啶虫胺外,其它3种新烟碱类杀虫剂种子包衣对花生出苗率无影响;与对照相比,吡虫啉等4种新烟碱类杀虫剂对花生幼苗的促进生长作用均不显著;氟虫腈种子包衣对花生出苗和幼苗生长无影响。两地试验结果表明,吡虫啉、噻虫嗪和噻虫胺种子包衣的防虫效果和保果率差异不显著,其中噻虫胺的防虫效果和保果率均最高,在两地田间防效分别为68.91%、71.60%,保果率达67.42%、72.50%。氟虫腈种子包衣对蛴螬的防虫效果和保果率显著低于吡虫啉和噻虫胺。吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、噻虫胺和氟虫腈种子包衣显著提高花生荚果产量。吡虫啉、噻虫嗪和噻虫胺有效成分剂量均为140g/100kg种子,对花生安全,且对蛴螬有较好的防治效果。
To evaluate control effects and safety of peanut seed - coating treatment of 4 new neonicotinoid in-secticides on Holotrichia parallela,the effects of imidacloprid,thiamethoxam,clothianidin,nitenpyram and fipronil （the control fungicide）on peanut emergency and seedling growth under 20℃ and 25℃ were studied using sand culture. Safe insecticides were selected by field trials. Results showed that except nitenpyram,the other 3 neonic-otinoids seed - coating did not affect emergence. Four neonicotinoid insecticides did not significantly promote seed-ling growth. The fipronil seed - coating had no significant effect on peanut emergence and seedling growth. Control effectiveness and pod protection efficiency of imidacloprid,thiamethoxam,and clothianidin had no significant difference. Control effectiveness and pod protection efficiency of clothianidin was the highest,with values of 68. 91% ,71. 60% and 67. 42% ,72. 50% in two field experiments,respectively. Control effectiveness and pod ef-ficiency of fipronil was significantly lower than that of imidacloprid and clothianidin. Imidacloprid,thiamethoxam, clothianidin and fipronil seed - coating significantly increased pod yield. The most effective and the safest coating concentration was 140g active ingredient/ 100kg seed for imidacloprid,thiamethoxam,clothianidin against the white grubs of peanut by seed - coating.
出处
《中国油料作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期344-348,共5页
Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303027)
关键词
花生
蛴螬
新烟碱类杀虫剂
氟虫腈
幼苗
Peanut
Holotrichia parallela
Neonicotinoid insecticides
Fipronil
Seedlings
