摘要
淡水资源已成为战略性资源,未来和平与可持续发展将与净水及淡水的获得息息相关。正渗透技术是目前国际上最前沿、最具潜力的水净化和脱盐技术,因其能耗极低而成为该领域的研究热点。正渗透膜作为正渗透关键技术之一,已经引发了新一轮的研究热潮。本文以正渗透膜的分离性能为核心概述了正渗透膜的发展历程,按正渗透膜制备方法进行分类,分别介绍了近几年来相转化正渗透膜、薄层复合正渗透膜和化学改性正渗透膜中的主要和新兴膜材料、结构特点及研究进展等,最后探讨和展望了正渗透膜今后的研发方向。
Freshw ater has beco m e a strateg ic reso urce,w hich has sev erely im pacted o n the dev elo pm ent o f the sustainable dev elo pm ent o f the w o rld in the future and the enhancem ent o f the peo ple liv ing standard o f o ur natio n. Fo rw ard o sm o sis em erg ed as o ne o f the em erg ing w ater purificatio n and desalinatio n techno lo g y,and it has attracted m uch attentio n. Fo rw ard o sm o sis m em branes as the co re o f the fo rw ard o sm o sis techno lo g y hav e sparked a new ro und o f research bo o m. T he recent dev elo pm ents in fo rw ard o sm o sis m em branes acco rding to the separatio n perfo rm ance are rev iew ed. T his paper fo cus co ncentratio n o n the m em brane preparatio n m etho ds,intro ducing the m em brane m aterials,the m em brane structure and the m em brane perfo rm ance in detail,m ainly including phase inv ersio n fo rw ard o sm o sis m em branes,thin film co m po site fo rw ard o sm o sis m em branes and chem ically m o dified m em branes. T he applicatio ns o f fo rw ard o sm o sis techno lo g y are intro duced briefly. Finally,brig ht pro spect as w ell as challeng es o n the fo rw ard o sm o sis m em branes deserv e to be further inv estig ated.
出处
《化学进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第7期818-830,共13页
Progress in Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.21306178)资助~~
关键词
正渗透
膜制备方法
膜材料
膜性能
forw ard osmosis
membrane preparation method
membrane material
membrane performance
