摘要
目的 了解海勤人员疗养期间压力反应状况,分析压力反应与一般人口统计学因素的关系,为海勤人员疗养期间压力反应的进一步干预提供依据.方法 对分层随机抽样抽取的492名入院疗养的海勤疗养员,采用工作压力反应量表进行问卷调查,其中舰艇人员165人,潜艇人员173人,潜水员105人,测量其生理压力反应、行为压力反应、心理压力反应和整体压力反应得分并进行统计学分析.结果 生理压力反应得分（1.06±0.67）分,行为压力反应得分（0.89 ±0.67）分,心理压力反应得分（1.00±0.84）分,整体的压力反应得分（0.98±0.73）分,均处在较好的水平.整体压力反应严重29人,占5.89％.最常见的工作压力反应：吸烟增多[（1.79±1.20）分]、感到疲劳[（1.67±0.97）分]、记忆力下降[（1.19±1.08）分]、睡眠不佳[（1.17±1.02）分]、注意力不集中[（1.13±1.02）分];舰艇人员、潜艇人员、潜水员在压力反应量表（F =0.040,P=0.961）及生理反应（F=0.606,P=0.546）、行为反应（F=0.086,P=0.917）、心理反应（F =0.382,P=0.683）分量表的得分差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;随着年龄的增大压力反应逐步降低,但各年龄段之间差异无统计学意义（F=0.747,P=0.561）;高中及中专文化程度的较本科及硕士文化程度的压力反应相对严重,差异有统计学意义（F=4.469,P =0.002）.结论 海勤人员中仍存在一定比例的高压力反应人群,年龄小、文化程度低的海勤人员尤其需要更好、更多的心理支持,在海勤人员疗养期间开展压力认知训练和防护培训是必要的.
Objective To investigate the status of stress reaction among shipboard naval personnel during their stay in the sanatorium,and also to analyze the relationship between stress reaction and general demographic factors,so as to provide evidence for intervention in the stress reaction among shipboard naval personnel.Methods By using stratified random sampling method,492 shipboard naval personnel admitted into the sanatorium received a survey in the form of Stress Reaction Questionnaire （SRQ）.Of the 492 people surveyed,165 were surface ship personnel,173 were submariners and another 105 were divers.Scores of physiological stress reaction,behavioral stress reaction,psychological stress reaction and comprehensive stress reaction were measured and statistical analyses were made accordingly.Results The scores of physiological stress reaction were（1.06 ± 0.67）,the scores of behavioral stress reaction were（0.89 ± 0.67）,the scores of psychological stress reaction were （1.00 ± 0.84） and the scores of comprehensive stress reaction were （0.98 ± 0.73）,which were all within relatively good levels.Twenty-nine people had serious comprehensive stress reaction,accounting for 5.89％.The most common causes of stress reaction were：heavy smoking [（1.79 ± 1.20） scores],fatigue [（1.67 ± 0.97） scores],decreased memeory [（1.19 ± 1.08） scores],poor sleep [（1.17 ± 1.02） scores] and poor concentration（1.13 ± 1.02） scores].No significant differences in the scores of stress reaction （F =0.040,P =0.961）,the scores of physiological stress reaction （F =0.606,P =0.546）,the scores of behavioral stress reaction（F =0.086,P =0.917）and the scores of psychological stress reaction（F =0.382,P-=0.683） could be noted,when comparisons were made between the surface ship personnel,submariners and divers（P ＞ 0.05）.Stress reaction decreased with the increase of age,however,no statistical significance could be found between different age groups（F =0.747,P =0.561）.Stress reaction for those with high school and secondary specialized education was usually more serious than that for those with regular university education or with a master degree,and statistical significance could be noted,when comparisons were made between them（F =4.469,P =0.002）.Conclusions Research results indicated a certain proportion of shipboard personnel had high stress reaction.More and better psychological support for those shipboard personnel with younger age and low educational background were necessary and it was essential to conduct training on stress cognition and protection.
出处
《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2015年第2期123-125,129,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine
基金
南京军区医药卫生科技创新基金项目（11MA130）
关键词
海勤人员
工作压力反应量表
压力反应
生理反应
心理反应
行为反应
Shipboard naval personnel
Stress reaction
Stress reaction check list
Physiological stress reaction
Psychological stress reaction
Behavioral stress reaction
