摘要
目的分析赴青藏高原执行卫勤保障任务的医务人员生理变化特点及发病情况。方法对不同海拔、进驻方式及习服阶段医务人员的血压、心率、血氧饱和度及发病情况进行统计分析。结果 （1）医务人员的血压随海拔的升高呈逐渐上升趋势,在海拔2000 m以内人员舒张压无显著变化,海拔3000 m以上舒张压显著升高;平原及海拔1000~2000 m、3000~3670m、4400 m人员的收缩压比较,差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）;医务人员心率随海拔升高而逐渐加快,2000 m以下、3000 m、3670m、4400 m之间差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）;医务人员血氧饱和度随海拔升高而逐渐降低,1000 m以下、2000 m、3000 m、3670m、4400 m之间差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）。（2）铁路输送和摩托化机动两种进驻方式间医务人员血压、心率变化差异均有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）,血氧饱和度变化差异无统计学意义;两种进驻方式的急性高原反应发病率差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）。（3）赴藏医务人员入驻2周内以急性高原反应（71.97%）和上呼吸道感染（28.79%）发病为主,入驻2周后急性高原反应发生率明显降低（1.51%）,上呼吸道感染发生率降低（6.28%）。结论医务人员在高原执行卫勤保障任务时,其生理变化特点和发病情况与进驻高原的海拔、进驻方式和驻训时间有密切关系。
Objective To analyze the physiological change characteristics and morbidity situation of medical staff during medical support mission on the Tibetan Plateau. Methods The blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation and morbidity situation of medical staff in different altitude, ways to enter and station, acclimatization stage were statistically analyzed. Results（ 1） The blood pressure of medical staff showed an upward trend with the rise of altitude, there was no significant change of diastolic blood pressure within the altitude of 2000 m, and a significant rise in diastolic blood pressure above the altitude of 3000 m. Systolic blood pressure differed significantly among the plain, altitude of 1000-1000 m, 3000-3670 m and 4400 m（ P﹤0.05）. The heart rate increased with altitude rising gradually, the differences among those at altitudes of below 2000 m, and of 3000 m, 3670 m and 4400 m were significantly（ P﹤0.05）. Oxygen saturation of medical staff reduced gradually with altitude increasing, the differences among those at altitudes of below 1000 m, and of 2000 m, 3000 m, 3670 m and 4400 m were significantly different（ P﹤0.05）.（ 2） Changes of blood pressure and heart rate of medical staff between the two ways： railway transportation and motorized mobility were compared, the differences were statistically significant（ P﹤0.05）, and there was no statistically significant difference in change of oxygen saturation between the two ways; the incidence of acute altitude sickness between the two ways were compared, the difference was statistically significant（ P﹤0.05）.（ 3） Within two weeks after medical staff entering and station on Tibetan Plateau, acute altitude sickness（ 71.97%） and upper respiratory tract infection（ 28.79%） were the main diseases, two weeksafter the entering and station, acute altitude sickness reduced significantly（ 1.51%）, upper respiratory tract infection decreased（6.28%）. Conclusions During the implementation of medical support mission on plateau, physiological change characteristics and morbidity situation of medical staff were closely related to the altitudes, ways to enter and station, and encamping training time.
出处
《中华灾害救援医学》
2015年第7期378-381,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disaster Medicine
关键词
急性高原反应
生理变化
acute altitude sickness
physiological change
