摘要
为了研究牙鲆（Paralichthys olivaceus）不同选育性状之间的相关性,2009年建立了38个牙鲆实验家系和1个养殖场对照组。选取其中33个家系和对照组进行鳗弧菌感染实验并对存活个体进行荧光标记后混合养殖在2个水泥池中,其中一个混养池在平均400日龄时暴发了淋巴囊肿病（Lymphocystis Disease, LD）, LD 发病率为62.4%,包括16个家系和对照组。从这些家系中筛选出4个发病率低于40.0%的抗病家系（F0939, F09104, F0915, F0908）。另外,在4~5月龄时,从每个家系中平均选取100尾鱼进行荧光标记后混合养殖,580日龄时测定这些家系的养殖存活率和体重,平均养殖存活率为32.0%,将7个养殖存活率高于55.0%的家系定义为高养殖存活率家系（F0908, F0975, F0990, F09125, F0927, F09119, F0905）。对牙鲆 LD 的抗病个体和易感个体的体重和全长进行卡方检验,发现抗病个体的体重和全长均显著高于易感个体（P〈0.01）,同时分析牙鲆各个家系的 LD 发病率与发病时的体重和全长的相关性,结果显示牙鲆各个家系 LD 发病率与发病时体重和全长均呈强负相关（r〈–0.6）。对牙鲆家系鳗弧菌感染存活率、LD 发病率、580日龄的养殖存活率和体重这4个性状两两之间进行相关性分析,发现 LD 发病率与580日龄的体重呈强负相关（r=–0.790）；鳗弧菌感染存活率与养殖存活率之间为弱正相关（r=0.371）；其他性状两两之间不存在显著相关性（–0.092≤r≤0.185）。本研究共筛选到了4个牙鲆 LD 抗病家系和7个高养殖存活率家系,并揭示了4个牙鲆选育性状之间的相关性,为培育速生多抗的牙鲆新品种提供了遗传材料和理论依据。
Japanese flounder （Paralichthys olivaceus） is an important commercially cultured fish in China, Japan, and Korea. The rapid development of the Japanese flounder aquaculture has led to problems with various diseases that have reduced growth rates and caused huge economic loss. One way to address these problems is to cultivate strains with characteristics such as high growth performance, breeding survival rates, and disease resistance. For this purpose, 38 families and a control group were established in 2009. Four to five months after hatching, 33 of the 38 families and the control group were selected for exposure to Vibrio anguillarum. The surviving individuals were marked with fluores-cent-dye and cultivated in two cement pools. Four hundred days after hatching, lymphocystis disease （LD） broke out in one of the pools containing 16 families and the control group. The average rate of incidence was 62.4%; those families （Families 8, 15, 39, and 104） with disease incidence below 40% were defined as disease-resistant. At the same time, 100 fish selected from each family were marked with fluorescent-dye and cultivated in different cement pools. Roughly 580 d after hatching, breed survival rate （580-BSR） and body weight （580-BW） were determined. For the 38 families, the av-erage 580-BSR was 32.0%. There were seven families （Families 5, 8, 27, 75, 90, 119, and 125） with a 580-BSR above 55%, and they were defined as high breed survival rate families. Notably, in 6 of the 7 families, at least one parent was derived from F0750 （Family 50 established in 2007）, suggesting that individuals from F0750 may effectively improve 580-BSR. Chi-square tests indicated that body weight （400-BW） and total length （400-TL） of the resistant group were significantly higher than those of the susceptible group （P〈0.01）. Pearson correlation demonstrated a strong negative correlation （r〈-0.6） between 400-BW, 400-TL, and disease incidence of these families, indicating that growth per-formance positively correlated with LD-resistance. Pearson correlation was also used to determine the relationships between the incidence of LD, 580-BSR, 580-BW and the survival rate after infection with V. anguillarum （VSR）. There was a strong negative correlation between the incidence of LD and 580-BW （r=-0.790）, while VSR was weakly posi-tively correlated with breeding survival rate （r=0.371）. In contrast, no significant correlations were found between the other traits （-0.092≤r≤0.185）. In conclusion, 4 families with strong disease-resistance against LD and 7 families with high breed survival rate were screened. The correlations between the four breeding traits indicate that selection can be used to jointly improve the occurrence of these four traits in Japanese flounder.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期620-629,共10页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
国家863计划项目(2012AA10A408)
山东省自主创新专项(2013CXC80202)
山东省泰山学者工程专项
2014年度河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划(14IRTSTHN013)
关键词
牙鲆
家系
淋巴囊肿病
鳗弧菌
养殖存活率
体重
Paralichthys olivaceus
family
lymphocystis disease
Vibrio anguillarum
breeding survival rate
body weight
