摘要
为了探明人工湿地植被净化水质的季节效应,通过模拟垂直流人工湿地污水系统,测定了不同季节人工湿地植被根区土壤微生物数量和酶活性及总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、氨氮（NH4^＋-N）、生物耗氧量（BOD5）、化学耗氧量（CODCr）和高锰酸钾指数,研究人工湿地植被净化水质的季节效应。结果发现,人工湿地植被根区土壤微生物数量以细菌最多（变化范围为3.4×10^5～7.3×10^5）,占到90%以上,其次是放线菌（变化范围为2.1×10^4～9.5×10^4）,真菌数目最少（变化范围为3.6×10^3～7.8×10^3）,土壤各微生物数目和酶活性随季节均呈＂倒V型＂变化规律,依次表现为：秋季〉夏季〉冬季〉春季;人工湿地出水TN、TP、NH4^＋-N、BOD5、CODCr和高锰酸钾指数总体具体表现为春季〉夏季〉冬季〉秋季,呈＂V字型＂变化规律;人工湿地植被能有效的净化水质,对各种污染物的净化效果存在一定的季节差异,各指标去除率随季节呈＂倒V型＂变化规律,均表现为秋季〉夏季〉冬季〉春季。综合来看,人工湿地对TN（变化范围为43.5%～82.3%）和TP（变化范围为38.7%～73.5%）的去除效果较好。人工湿地植被地上和地下N、P积累量随季节变化具有明显的一致规律,均表现为秋季〉夏季〉冬季〉春季,随季节呈＂倒V型＂变化规律。对于N积累量,不同季节地上部分N积累量高于地下部分N积累量,不同季节N积累量差异均显著（P〈0.05）。对于P积累量,不同季节地上部分P积累量低于地下部分P积累量。
The aim of this project was to elucidate the constructed wetland plants and purification of wastewater in seasonal,soil enzymatic activities in the rhizosphere of constructed wetland plants and purification of wastewater including total nitrogen（TN）,total phosphorus（TP）,ammonia nitrogen（NH4^＋-N）,biological oxygen consumption（BOD5）,chemical oxygen consumption（CODCr） and potassium permanganate index in seasonal were studied by the vertical flow wetland.The results showed that bacteria amounts of the rhizosphere of constructed wetland plants were predominant（3.4×10^5～7.3×10^5,more than 99%）,actinomyces amounts were the next（2.1×10^4～9.5×10^4）,and fungi（3.6×10^3～7.8×10^3） amounts were the least among composition of three communities of soil microbes,which the purification efficiency was in a ＂inverted V＂ type with the seasons showed autumn summer spring winter.Constructed wetland could purify wastewater effectively and the purification efficiency had a seasonal difference,which the purification efficiency was in a ＂inverted V＂ type with the seasons showed autumn summer spring winter and the outlet concentration of TN,TP,NH4^＋-N,BOD5,CODCr and potassium permanganate index was in a ＂V＂ type with the better purification efficiency of TN（43.5%～82.3%） and TP（38.7%～73.5%） respectively.The accumulation of N,P of constructed wetland plants on the aboveground and underground was in a ＂inverted V＂ type with the seasons showed autumn summer spring winter.The seasonal above ground accumulation of N was higher than the underground,and different season N accumulation had a significantly difference（P〈0.05）,while the seasonal above ground accumulation of N was lower than the underground.
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期1043-1049,共7页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
吉林农业大学校内青年启动基金项目(201319)
吉林省科技厅科研资助项目(20130206071NY)
关键词
人工湿地植被
根区
净化水质
季节效应
constructed wetland plants
rhizosphere
purification wastewater
seasonal efficiency
