摘要
根据野外试验和室内分析资料,先求出湖体岸边地带形状参数,再根据某水位高度下地带形状指数求算出不同高程其面积和蓄水容积,建立湖泊蓄水能力(V)与湖泊面积(A)的模拟方程,并对洞庭湖蓄水能力的时空变化特征进行研究。结果表明:洞庭湖蓄水功能在高程上(水位高)的变化,水位33m时蓄水容积为水位21m时的121.91倍;蓄水功能平面空间分布特征表现为东洞庭湖>南洞庭湖>西洞庭湖,东洞庭湖的蓄水容积占整个洞庭湖的50%以上;蓄水容积在时间变化上,除1995—2003年呈现增长趋势外,其余年份呈现下降趋势,2010年的蓄水容积只有1949年的58.70%;洞庭湖蓄水容积的时间变化,主要因蓄水面积的时间上变化引起的。围湖垦殖对洞庭湖容积减少作用是泥沙沉积的2.20倍,在洞庭湖容积的变化中起着主要作用。
Based on field experiments and data analysis in laboratory, the shape parameters of Dongting Lake shore were computed and then the storage volume at different elevation was calculated according to the water level and the corresponding lake area. The simulation equation of storage capacity（V） and area（A） of lake was established to study the temporal and spatial variation of storage capacity in Dongting Lake. The results showed that the storage capacity in Dongting Lake varied with the changed elevation（water level） and terrain characteristics. When the water level rose from 21 m to 33 m, the storage volume increased 121.91 times. The horizontal distribution characteristics of storage capacity in Dongting Lake were also analyzed, which showed that the storage capacity in different regions of Dongting Lake listed in the following order： East Dongting Lake〉south Dongting Lake〉west Dongting Lake, and the storage volume of east Dongting Lake accounted for more than 50% of total storage volume of Dongting Lake. In temporal dimension, the storage volume of Dongting Lake continuously lowered except increased during 1995-2003, and in 2010 it was only 58. 70% of that in 1949. The temporal variations of storage volume were mainly caused by temporal changes in storage area of Dongting Lake. Land reclamation played a key Dongting Lake, the effects of which on storage volume were 2.20 role in causing the decline of storage volume of times stronger than those of sediment deposit.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期62-67,324,共7页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201104009)
科技部公益性研究项目(2007-4-15)
关键词
蓄水能力
蓄水容积
蓄水面积
洞庭湖
water storage capacity
storage volume
storage area
Dongting Lake
