摘要
为了探讨内蒙古阴山北麓地区旱作马铃薯生产中适宜的覆膜种植方式，以克新1号马铃薯品种为试验材料，采用田间小区试验的研究方法，研究了露地平播（CK）、平作行上覆膜种植（PZHS）、双垄全膜覆盖沟播（QFM）、起垄覆膜膜侧种植（QLMC）4种不同覆膜方式和保水剂对旱作马铃薯土壤水热效应及出苗的影响。结果表明，QLMC和PZHS两种覆膜方式有利于升温，而QFM有利于保温，且施用保水剂的昼夜温差较不施保水剂的各处理小。0～10cm土层含水量表现为QFM〉QLMC〉PZHS〉CK，其他土层均表现为QLMC〉QFM〉PZHS〉CK；同种覆膜方式下，0-40cm土层，施保水剂的土壤含水量均高于不施保水剂的土壤含水量，但40cm以下土层呈相反变化。覆膜种植和施保水剂均可提高旱作马铃薯出苗率，缩短出苗时间。相关分析表明，马铃薯出苗率与0～20cm土壤含水量呈极显著正相关关系，与0～20cm土壤温度呈正相关关系。本试验条件下，起垄覆膜膜侧种植可作为旱作马铃薯覆膜栽培中首选的种植方式。
For discussing the suitable film-coveting of dry land tillage potato production in the Yinshan Mountain area of Inner Mongolia, ＂Kexin 1＂ was selected as the material in this experiment to study the effects of four differ- ent film-coveting modes, traditional planting （ CK）, harrowed bedding with film mulching （ PZHS ）, double ridge mulched completely by film （QFM）, ridge culture mulched by film （QLMC）, and water retention agent effects of thermal and seedling of potato by a field test. The results showed that the QLMC and PZHS film-covering were bene- ficial to raise the temperature, and QFM to heat preservation ; The day and night temperature difference of the treat- ment with the water retention agent were less than that without water retention agent, 0 - 10era soil moisture ap- peared to be QLMC 〉 PZHS 〉 CK 〉 QFM, and treatment without water retention agent were PZHS 〉 CK 〉 QLMC 〉 QFM. In addition, content of 0 -40em soil moisture with water retention agent was more than that without water re- tention agent, but turned out to be contrary more than 40cm. Film-covering and water retention agent both can im- prove the potato seedling rate, shorten the seedling period. Results of correlation analysis showed that：seedling e- mergency of potato had significant positive correlation relationship with 0 - 20cm soil moisture and soil temperature. The method of ridge culture mulched by film could be selected as the most suitable planting method in this experi- ment condition.
出处
《作物杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第4期102-108,共7页
Crops
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-10-P17)
关键词
覆膜方式
保水剂
旱作马铃薯
出苗率
土壤温度
土壤水分
Film-covering modes
Water retention agent
Dry land tillage potato
Emergence rate
Soil temperature
Soil moisture
