摘要
利用三维激光扫描技术对采空区进行探测以建立三维可视化模型,从而准确获取其三维空间位置和形态,是矿山采空区事故隐患综合治理工作中的重要环节.但由于采空区形态复杂,往往需要从多个方位对其进行多次探测才能准确获取采空区完整的三维形态.如何对多次探测点云数据拼合后的散乱点云构建三角网格模型,是实现复杂采空区三维探测建模的关键.本文提出了采空区激光扫描拼合散乱点云数据球面投影三角剖分生长算法,首先选定球心将原位点云投影到球面上得到投影点云,然后对投影点云进行三角剖分,最后将投影点云三角网空间拓扑关系还原到原位点云,从而构建复杂采空区三角网模型.为了有效实现算法,研究了球面投影参数设定、XYZ三向单元栅格点云搜索策略、三角形生成规则、优势顶点边界切分策略、边界闭合策略、不规则三角形优化策略等多种方法.实际应用表明,所研究的算法能够生成优质的采空区三角网模型,为实现复杂采空区三维精确建模及可视化管理提供了重要技术支持.
Detection of a goaf by laser-scan technology to build a 3D visualized model and to obtain the goaf＇s 3D space position and shape,is an important part for comprehensive management of the goaf＇s accidents. Multiple probes from multiple orientations are usually needed to obtain a goaf＇s 3D shape because of its complexity. How to construct a triangular mesh model from splice unorganized points by multiple probes is the key technology of a goaf＇s 3D modeling. A spherical projection triangulation algorithm is proposed for laser-scanning splice unorganized points of a goaf in this paper. Firstly,projected points are got by a chosen sphere center and projecting in-situ points onto the sphere. Secondly,the projected points are triangularized completely. Then topological relations are reverted from the projected points to the in-situ points. At last,a triangular mesh model of the goaf is constructed. In order to effectively implement the algorithm,many methods are studied such as the spherical projection parameters setting,XYZ-orientation cell grid points searching strategy,triangle generation rules,boundary segment strategy by advantage vertexes,boundary closure strategy,and irregular triangle optimization strategy. Applications show that the algorithm can generate a high quality triangular mesh model and provide technical support for accurate 3D modeling and visualized management of a goaf.
出处
《工程科学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第7期823-830,共8页
Chinese Journal of Engineering
基金
'十二五'国家科技支撑计划专题(2012BAK09B02-05)
中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2013zzts061)
关键词
采空区
激光扫描
球面投影
三角剖分
算法
goafs
laser scanning
spherical projection
triangulation
algorithms
