摘要
目的分析2010—2012年住院患者抗菌药物的使用情况,为临床规范合理使用抗菌药物提供参考和依据。方法随机抽取昆明医科大学第二附属医院2010—2012年出院患者5862例作为研究对象,2010年1897例、2011年2059例、2012年1906例,采用自制调查表从研究对象出院病历中获取抗菌药物相关资料,包括是否使用抗菌药、抗菌药物种类、用途、病原学送检情况等,对比分析各年抗菌药物使用情况及合理性。结果 2010—2012年抗菌药物使用率分别是73.06%、71.15%和64.38%,种类上以头孢菌素居多(>50%),2011年和2012年较2010年大环内酯类使用比例上升,喹诺酮类使用比例下降(P<0.05),一代、二代头孢菌素的使用有所增加。抗菌药物以单用药为主,2012年较2010年、2011年单一用药比例明显上升,三联及以上用药情况明显下降(P<0.05)。治疗用抗菌药物的使用比例逐年上升,预防用抗菌药物的比例逐年减少(P=0.013)。2011年、2012年治疗用抗菌药物的送检率较2010年均明显提高(P<0.001)。结论该院住院患者抗菌药物使用渐趋合理,但在控制抗菌药物用量,尤其是减少预防用抗菌药物,提高治疗用抗菌药物病原学送检率等方面仍需进一步加强,以持续促进抗菌药物的合理规范应用。
Objective To analysis the usage of antibiotics in the inpatients in our hospital from 2010 to 2012 for promoting rational use of medicines. Methods A total of 5862 discharged patients from 2010 to 2012 （ 1897 cases in 2010, 2059 cases in 2011,1906 cases in 2012） were randomly selectedfor the study. The data such as taking antibiotics or not, kinds of the used antibiotics, purpose of using antibiotics, and pathogenic detection were surveyed from thedischarged med- ical records by using theself-designed questionnaire. The usage and rationality of antibiotics were compared among different years. Results The percentage of patients using antimicrobial drug were 73.06% ,71.15% and 64.38% in 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively, most of the used antibiotics were cephalosporins （ more than 50% ）. The proportion of macrel- ide rose, quinolones decreased, and the first and second generation cephalosporins increased appreciably in 2011 and 2012 when compared with 2010. Single-dose antibiotic treatmentaccounted for the majority with anupward trendfrom 2010 2012 ,and triple-antibiotic combination decreased obviously（P 〈 0.05 ）. The rate of antibiotics usage in the treatment of diseases increased, while the rate in the prevention of diseases decreasedyear by year（ P = 0.013 ）. The pathogenic detection rate in 2011 and 2012 increased significantly as compared with 2010（ P 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusion The usage of antibiotics in the inpatients in our hospital is gradually tending to be a reasonable, but the amount of antibiotics especially used for prevention should be reduced and the rate of drug sensitivity test should be increased, thus to promotethe reasonable application of antibiotics.
出处
《中华全科医学》
2015年第10期1617-1618,1621,共3页
Chinese Journal of General Practice
关键词
抗菌药物
住院患者
合理用药
Antibiotics
Inpatients
Rational administration of drug
