摘要
目的探讨五金行业眼外伤住院患者的临床特点及影响预后的相关因素,为五金行业从业人员职业防护和诊疗提供指导。方法收集2011年7月至2013年7月于我院院眼科住院治疗眼外伤患者,其中属五金行业职业暴露致伤者183例(184只眼),记录性别、年龄、受伤眼别、受伤到就诊时间间隔、致伤原因、致伤物、眼外伤类型、受伤部位、伤口长度、有无眼内异物、是否发生眼内炎、是否二期手术及术前、术后视力。结果 183例患者中:男:女=5.10:1,平均年龄(25.92±7.90)岁;右眼:左眼=1.04:1,受伤到就诊平均间隔时间(12.22±15.94)h;致伤物中,飞溅的铁屑占84.15%。原因主要为敲打(51.95%),冲床(35.71%);眼外伤类型主要为眼球穿通伤(78.14%),其次为眼球钝挫伤(16.94%);眼球穿通伤伤口长度平均为(6.13±5.47)mm;眼内异物发生率为23.50%,眼内炎发生率为2.10%;二期手术率为33.33%。对最终视力损伤影响有统计学意义的因素为受伤到就诊平均间隔时间及眼外伤的类型。结论五金行业中,眼外伤住院患者多为青年男性,在敲打、冲压时要特别注意职业防护。一旦发生外伤,应尽早到有手术能力的医院就诊,以保留有用视力。
Objective To analysis the relevant factors of ocular trauma in hardware workers.To provide safety guidance for the hardware industry practitioners.Methods Clinical data of 183 hardware workers who were hospitalized due to ocular trauma between July 2011 and July 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Gender, age, injured eye, pre-hospi-tal time, causes of the trauma, types of the trauma, length of wound, intraocular foreign body, endophthalmitis, preopera-tive and postoperative visual acuity were analyzed.Results In 183 patients, male /female ratio was 5.1.The average age was 25.92 ±7.90.Right eye /left eye ratio was 1.04.The average pre-hospital time was 12.22 ±15.94 hours.Splash i-ron accounted for 84.15%of the causes;the main mechanisms was beat （51.95%） and punch （35.71%）.Penetrating trauma accounted for 78.14%, and non-penetrating trauma accounted for 16.94%of the cases.The average length of the penetrating wound was 6.13＋5.47 mm.The incidence of intraocular foreign body was 23.50%.Endophthalmitis occurred in 2.10%of the cases.The overall rate for a secondary operation was 33.33%.The factors that were significantly associat-ed with visual acuity outcome were pre-hospital time and the type of the trauma.Conclusion In the hardware industry, special attention of occupation protection should be paid particularly during the beating and punching process.In case of oc-ular trauma, one should see an ophthalmologist as soon as possible to improve visual acuity outcome.
出处
《临床眼科杂志》
2015年第4期349-351,共3页
Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology
关键词
眼外伤
五金行业
回顾性分析
Ocular trauma
Hardware industry
Retrospective analysis
