摘要
油菜因具有生长快速、生物量较高、且对重金属有较强的耐性及吸收积累能力的特点,常用来修复土壤重金属污染。本试验在湖南郴州某尾矿区受重金属复合污染的农田,种植芥菜型油菜(BJ)、甘蓝型油菜(BL)、加拿大甘蓝型油菜(CBL)和本地油菜(LR)4个品种,对比不同品种油菜对重金属的吸收积累情况。结果表明:Pb主要积累在油菜的根部,Cu、Zn、Cd在油菜的根、叶中的积累浓度都很高,而茎和果实中的重金属含量很低;油菜叶对重金属的积累浓度表现为:Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd,根对重金属的吸收积累量的顺序为:Pb>Zn>Cu>Cd;重金属在不同品种油菜间的吸收积累及转运情况存在差异性显著,地上部分(叶)的富集能力表现为:Cu:BJ≥LR>BL>CBL,Zn:BL>CBL>BJ>LR,Pb:BJ≈LR>BL≈CBL,Cd:BL>CBL>BJ>LR;重金属从茎秆转移到叶片转运系数(Tsl)为:Cu:LR>BJ≈CBL>BL,Zn:BL>LR>BJ>CBL,Pb:BJ>CBL≈LR>BL,Cd:BJ>BL>CBL>LR。总的来说,芥菜型油菜适合Cu、Pb污染的土壤;甘蓝型油菜对Zn、Cd的吸收积累效果最好,非常适合用来修复重金属复合污染的土壤。
The rape is usually used for phytoremediation of metal-contaminated soils, because it has the characteristics of rapid growth, large biomass, and high potential to tolerate and accumulate large quantities of heavy metals. In this work, accumulation and transformation of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd in four rape species（B. juncea L.（BJ）, Brassica napus L.（BL）, Canadian Brassica napus L.（CBL）, local rape（LR））were inves-tigated in soils surrounding mine area contaminated by lead-zinc ore tailings in Chenzhou, Hunan Province. The results showed a significant-ly high accumulation of Cu, Zn and Cd in leaves and roots of four rape species. However, the concentration of Pb in roots of all rape species was usually one or two orders of magnitude than other parts, and the concentration of heavy metals in stems and fruits was lower. The accumu-lation of heavy metals in leaves parts was in the order：Zn﹥Cu﹥Pb﹥Cd, and in roots was as：Pb﹥Zn﹥Cu﹥Cd;the order of bioconcentration fac-tor（BCF）of heavy metals in above-ground parts（leaves）of rape species was：Cu：BJ≥LR﹥BL﹥CBL, Zn：BL﹥CBL﹥BJ﹥LR, Pb：BJ≈LR﹥BL≈CBL, Cd：BL﹥CBL﹥BJ﹥LR;and the order of translocation factor（TF）from stems to leaves was：Cu：LR﹥BJ≈CBL﹥BL,Zn：BL﹥LR﹥BJ﹥CBL, Pb：BJ﹥CBL≈LR﹥BL,Cd：BJ﹥BL﹥CBL﹥LR. It indicated there were significant differences among the species. The results of the field experiment suggested that B. juncea L. was suitable for phytoextraction of Cu, Pb contaminated soil, Brassica napus L. could be used to remediate Zn, Cd or heavy metal combined polluted soils.
出处
《农业资源与环境学报》
CAS
2015年第4期370-376,共7页
Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment
基金
环境保护部公益性行业科研专项"重金属污染耕地农业利用风险控制技术研究"(201009047)
关键词
尾矿区
土壤
重金属
油菜
ore tailings
soil
heavy metal
rape
