摘要
采用"3414"试验设计方法,研究了氮磷钾肥配施对春玉米郑单958产量的影响,并进行效益分析,结果表明:氮磷钾肥配施可有效提高产量,产量排在前三位的处理是N3P2K2、N2P3K2、N2P2K2,分别为15 347.0 kg/hm2、15 038.0 kg/hm2、14 935.0 kg/hm2;三种肥料的增产作用大小为氮肥>磷肥>钾肥;效益排在前三位的处理是N2P2K2、N2P2K1、N2P3K2,分别为27 102.51元/hm2、26 983.37元/hm2、26 070.25元/hm2;N2P2K2(N:260 kg/hm2;P2O5:130 kg/hm2;K2O:130 kg/hm2)处理效益最高且具有较高产量,理论上是试验地区适宜的施肥组合;对三元二次肥料效应方程进行求导,得纯N、P(P2O5)、K(K2O)最大施肥量分别为361.61 kg/hm2、185.26 kg/hm2、133.09 kg/hm2;对此肥料效应方程进行解析,得实际最佳施肥量为纯N=290.15 kg/hm2、P(P2O5)=149.62 kg/hm2、K(K2O)=100.15 kg/hm2;因解析得到的实际最佳施肥量与理论最佳施肥量接近,且低于最大施肥量,故建议采用其作为本地春玉米最佳施肥用量。
The＂3414＂experiment design was employed to investigate the effects of N, P and K combination on yield of spring maize Zhengdan 958, and analyze the benefits. The results showed that the N, P and K combinationsimproved yield effectively, and the top three treatments were N3P2K2, N2P3K2 and N2P2K2treatment. The yields were 15 347.0 kg/hm2, 15 038.0 kg/hm2 and 14 935.0 kg/hm^2, respectively. The yield-increasing effect of N, P and K fer-tilizer was followed as N〉P〉K fertilizer. Three treatments of the most benefits were N2P2K2, N2P2K1 and N2P3K2,with 27 012.51 yuan/hm^2, 26 983.37yuan/hm^2 and 26 070.25 yuan/hm^2, respectively. In theory, the N2P2K2treatment（N：260 kg/hm^2, P2O5：130 kg/hm^2, K2O：130 kg/hm^2） was appropriate fertilizer combination in the experimentalfields with the highest benefits and better yield. Calculating the derivative of ternary quadratic fertilizer responseequation, the results indicated that the maximum amount of fertilizer of pure N, P2O5 and K2O were 361.61 kg/hm^2,185.26 kg/hm^2 and 133.09 kg/hm^2, respectively. Analyzing this ternary quadratic fertilizer response equation, the re-sults showed that the practical and optimal amount of fertilizer of pure N, P2O5 and K2O were 290.15 kg/hm2, 149.62kg/hm^2 and 100.15 kg/hm2. This analytic result can be recommended as the optimal amount of fertilizer on local spring maize, because the practical and optimal amount of fertilizer was not only close to theoretical and optimal amount, but also lower than the maximum amount of fertilizer.
出处
《吉林农业科学》
2015年第4期43-47,共5页
Journal of Jilin Agricultural Sciences
基金
内蒙古自治区教育厅项目(NJZC13185)
关键词
春玉米
氮磷钾肥用量
产量
肥料效应
效益
Spring maize
Dosage of N, P and K fertilizer
Yield
Fertilizer effect
Benefit
