摘要
目的了解四川省2013年疑似预防接种异常反应（AdverseEventsFollowingImmunization，AEFI）的发生特点，评价AEFI监测系统运转情况，疫苗的安全性和预防接种服务质量。方法通过疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统收集全省2013年报告的AEFl个案信息，采用描述性方法对相关指标进行流行病学分析。结果全省2013年报告AEFI病例3563例，报告县覆盖率为100％，48h内报告率为98．65％，48h内调查率为99．89％，个案调查表完整率为100％，男女性别比为1．28：1，AEFI病例主要集中在0—2岁和6岁组儿童，占86．95％，7月份报告AEFI最多，发生AEFI居前5位的疫苗为无细胞百白破疫苗、麻风疫苗、白破疫苗、乙脑减毒活疫苗、Hib疫苗，AEFI报告发生率为12．28／10万剂，异常反应占18．75％，异常反应临床损害居前3位的是过敏性皮疹、荨麻疹、血管性水肿。结论全省AEFI监测的敏感性和质量明显提高，但各市（州）报告例数、监测的质量和敏感性存在较大差异，敏感性低于全国；AEFI主要发生在小年龄儿童和接种后1d内；全省使用的疫苗安全，接种服务质量良好。
Objective To analyze the features of the adverse events following immunization （AEFI） in the Si- chuan province in 2013, and to evaluate the operation of AEFI surveillance system, the safety of vaccines and the quality of immunization service. Methods The AEFI data in 2013 were collected through the AEFI infor- mation management system, descriptive epidemiology method for relevant indicators was used in this stud- y. Results During the period, 3 563 AEFI cases were reported in 2013, The coverage rate at county level was 100%, the rate of timely reporting within 48 hours was 98.65%, the rate of timely investigation within 48 hours was 99.89% ; the questionnaire completion rate was 100% ; the ratio of male to female was 1.28 ： 1. The AEFI cases were mainly concentrated in the 0 -2 and 6 years old children, accounting for 86.95% of the to- tal. The majority cases were reported in July, the top five vaccines caused AEFI were diphtheria tetanus acel- lular pertussis combined vaccine, measles and rubella combined vaccine -live, diphtheria tetanus combined vaccine, japanese encephalitis vaccine -live, haemophilus influenza type b conjugate vaccine, the reported incidence of AEFI was 12.28/105 doses, rare adverse reaction accounted for 18.75%. The top three clinical damage of rare adverse reaction in turn were allergic rash, urticaria and angioedema. Conclusion The sensitiv- ity and the quality of the surveillance of AEFI have been obviously improved, while the number of AEFI cases reported and monitoring quality and sensitivity of each city/prefecture cases are of great difference. The moni-toring sensitivity is inferior to the national level. The AEFI cases occurred mostly in the lower- age group and within one day after vaccination. The vaccine used in Si-chuan province is safe. The quality of the vaccination service is of high quality.
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
2015年第4期223-226,共4页
Occupational Health and Damage
