摘要
水汽条件是产生雷电活动的一个必不可少的气象要素。利用河北省闪电定位系统监测的2011—2013年全省地闪资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析相对湿度资料,对张家口市的闪电活动特征及其与相对湿度垂直结构特征的响应关系进行了分析。结果表明：1张家口市闪电时间分布与全省闪电分布走势基本一致,夏季闪电活动最强烈;逐月演变不均匀且日分布呈单峰单谷型变化特征,张家口市日闪电峰值和谷值分别出现在17：00—18：00与01：00—09：00。2闪电活动与相对湿度垂直结构特征响应关系特征明显：闪电活动时低层湿度不高、中层较湿、高层偏干,大约在中层700hPa以下相对湿度随高度增加,中层以上相对湿度又随高度减小。3张家口市闪电活动时大气相对湿度垂直结构本地化特征：850hPa以下相对湿度保持在40%~60%,中层600~700hPa之间相对湿度一般升至60%~80%,且闪电强烈程度与中层湿层厚度正相关,高层200~400hPa左右相对湿度降低至20%~40%。
Water vapor condition is an essential meteorological element for lightning activity.Using the monitored cloud-ground lightning data from lightning detection system in Hebei Province and relative humidity data in NCEP/NCAR data in 2013,the lightning characteristics and response relationship between lightning activity and vertical structural characteristics of atmospheric relative humidity are analyzed.The results show that（1）The time distribution of lightning at Zhangjiakou was basically consistent with that of Hebei Province,and lightning activity was the strongest in summer and uneven in monthly change;there was a daily summit appearing from 17：00to 18：00and a valley from 01：00to09：00.（2）There was obvious response relationship between lightning activity and relative humidity vertical structure：the relative humidity was not high at about 850 hPa,but more humid at about 700 hPa,then became dry at upper layers;the relative humidity increased with height below 700 hPa and deceased above 600 to 700hPa.（3）When lightning occurred,the local characteristics of atmospheric environmental conditions of relative humidity in Zhangjiakou include：relative humidity was about 40% ~60% at about850hPa;60% ~80% between 600 and 700hPa,and decreased to about 20% ~40% between 200to400 hPa.
出处
《气象科技》
北大核心
2015年第4期715-721,共7页
Meteorological Science and Technology
基金
河北省气象局科研开发面上项目"河北省雷灾易损性分析及其区划研究"(11ky22)资助
关键词
闪电活动
相对湿度
垂直结构特征
lightning activity
relative humidity
vertical structural characteristic
