摘要
煤灰渣是我国目前排量最大的工业废渣之一,如何综合利用煤灰渣,实现其资源化利用具有重要意义。以黑龙江某热电厂煤灰为原料,硫酸酸浸提铝后得到高硅残渣,此高硅渣与碳酸钠高温焙烧后水溶制备Na2SiO3溶液,再采用碳分法制备纳米白炭黑。通过单因素试验得到反应的优化条件为:反应温度75℃,通气速率v=1min-1,通气终点pH=8。反应过程中加入的表面活性剂以质量分数2%的聚乙二醇10000效果最佳,制备的SiO2粒子尺寸小,分布均匀且团聚体较小。分散剂以质量分数1%的NaCl制备的产品分散性最佳。得到白炭黑沉淀后再经陈化、过滤洗涤以及正丁醇共沸,最后干燥得粒径20nm左右的疏松纳米白炭黑产品。
Coal ash is one of the largest industrial waste emissions in our country,how to achieve its resource-oriented utilization has important significance.Coal ash from a power plant of Heilongjiang province was firstly im-mersed in sulfuric acid to generate aluminized solution and high silicon residue.Then the carbonation method was cho-sen to prepare nano-silica aerogel with Na2 SiO3 solution as raw materials prepared by calcinating the high silicon resi-due with Na2 CO3 .The optimal conditions obtained by single factor experiment were as follows：reaction temperature was 75 ℃,ventilation rate was 1 min-1 ,reaction end was pH=8.The mass concentration of 2% PEG10000 is the best surfactant,leading to smaller particle size,more uniform distribution and smaller aggregate of SiO2 .The addition of 1% NaCl in the mass concentration can effectively improve the particle dispersion.After aging,filtering,washing, azeotropic distillation and drying,loose SiO2 particles were finally obtained whose size was 20 nm.
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第16期106-110,114,共6页
Materials Reports
基金
国家863计划(2013AA051203)
关键词
煤灰
碳化法
表面活性剂
分散剂
纳米白炭黑
coal ash
carbonation method
surfactant
dispersant
nano-silica aerogel
