摘要
目的 分析深圳市2009-2013年麻疹免疫失败病例流行病学特征,为制定麻疹防控措施提供科学依据。方法对深圳市2009-2013年法定传染病报告系统中的报告麻疹病例个案数据进行描述性分析。结果 2009-2013年深圳市共报告麻疹病例1 867例,其中麻疹免疫失败病例占9.8%（182/1 867）,不同年份构成比不一致,差异有统计学意义（χ2=23.201,P=0.000）。麻疹免疫失败病例以小年龄组为主,8月龄~2岁占56.0%,14岁及以上病例仅占9.4%,免疫失败病例和报告麻疹总病例年龄构成不同,差异有统计学意义（χ2=122.621,P=0.000）。不同年份免疫失败病例所占构成比并不一致,差异有统计学意义（χ2=23.201,P=0.000）。除出疹、柯氏斑外,麻疹免疫失败病例中发热、咳嗽、卡他症状、结膜炎、淋巴结肿大及关节疼痛发生率均低于麻疹病例中无免疫史组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 麻疹免疫失败病例在麻疹病例中占有一定的比例,以小年龄组为主,第2剂次复种非常必要。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles vaccine immunity failure cases in Shenzhen City during 2009 - 2013 so as to provide scientific evidence for developing measles prevention and control measures. Methods De- scriptive epidemiological study was applied to analyze the data of measles cases from the reporting system of national notifiable dis- eases in Shenzhen City from 2009 to 2013. Results A total of 1,867 cases of measles were reported in Shenzhen City during 2009 - 2013, of which the cases of measles vaccine immunity failure accounted for 9.8 % （182/1,867） and the ratio significantly changed from 2009 to 2013（ χ2 = 23. 201, P = 0. 000）. Most cases of measles vaccine immunity failure （56.0 % ） were children aged 8 months to 2 years, and the cases aged 14 years or above only accounted for 9.4%. The age composition was significantly different between the measles vaccine immunity failure cases and the total reported measles cases （ χ2 = 122. 621, P = 0. 000）. And it also varied significantly among different years （χ2 = 23. 201, P = 0. 000）. Except for the rash and Koplik plaque, the in- cidence rates of fever, cough, catarrh symptoms, conjunctivitis, swollen lymph nodes and joint pain were all significantly lower in the cases of measles vaccine immunity failure than in those without measles immunization history （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions Measles vaccine immunity failure cases occupy a certain proportion in measles cases, and the cases of younger children are compar- atively prominent. The second dose of re- immunization is essential.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2015年第10期1189-1191,共3页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
2014年深圳市科技研发资金资助项目(NO:JCYJ2014040164811661)
关键词
麻疹
免疫失败
流行特征
Measles
Immunity failure
Epidemiological characteristics
