摘要
针对2012年6月10—13日杭州地区一次连续雾霾天气过程,利用气象要素及气溶胶观测资料,结合天气形势和HYSPLIT模式分析了此次雾霾天气过程气溶胶特性及造成严重污染的主要原因。结果表明:杭州地区此次雾霾天气过程以静小风为主,能见度长时间低于2 km,污染物浓度较高。整个雾霾天气过程气溶胶粒子主要以细粒子(<PM2.5)为主,而超细粒子(<PM1.0)在雾和不同霾影响阶段表现出不同的变化规律。ngstrm波长指数在雾天气和干霾天气时的平均值分别为0.24和0.75,说明雾和霾天气的气溶胶粒径分布具有明显差异。雾霾天气过程气溶胶粒子对能见度的影响散射效应高于吸收效应。气溶胶单次散射反照率在雾霾天气下的高值为0.92—0.96,表明雾霾天气时气溶胶具有较强的光散射能力。秸秆焚烧产生的污染物经过长距离输送、本地污染源排放的稳定贡献及受静稳天气系统共同影响是造成杭州地区此次雾霾天气严重污染的主要原因。
A serious fog-haze weather process occurred on June 10 to 13,2012. Based on the meteorological data and aerosol data as well as weather situation and a HYSPLIT model, aerosol characteristics and main reasons of pollution in this process were analyzed. The results show that low wind speed, extremely poor visibility （ 〈 2 kilometers） and high concentrations of pollutants are the major features of this process. Aerosol particles are mainly fine particles （ 〈 PMz5 ） in the process ,while the ultrafine particles （ 〈 PM1.0 ） have different variations in fog and different haze periods. Averages of Angstrom wavelength exponents are 0. 24 and 0. 75 in fog and dry haze weath- er,respectively, which suggests that aerosol particle size distributions display a marked difference. The effect of aerosol scattering on visibility is stronger than aerosol absorption. The single scattering albedo with the value of 0. 92-0. 96 demonstrates that aerosol has strong light scattering ability under fog-haze weather. Pollutant transport over a long distance produced by straw burning, local pollution emissions and static stability weather are the main reasons for this process in Hangzhou.
出处
《气象与环境学报》
2015年第4期35-41,共7页
Journal of Meteorology and Environment
基金
国家公益性(气象)行业科研专项(GYHY201206011)
浙江省公益技术研究社会发展项目(2013C33031)
杭州市社会发展科研项目(20130533B09)共同资助
