摘要
为了研究三级跳训练、竞赛对运动员膝关节冲击损伤影响程度,以1名健康男性运动员左膝关节为研究对象,利用膝部CT扫描和磁共振(MRI)相结合的方法,建立了包括股骨、胫骨、腓骨、髌骨以及膝部各主要软骨、韧带在内完整的三维膝关节立体模型;采用多体动力学(MDA)与有限元分析(FEA)相结合的方法,计算出三级跳起跑、跳跃、落地全过程运动员膝关节处冲击状态下的应力、应变及位移变化状况。计算显示:在三级跳运动过程中,膝关节胫骨外侧接触区域受到的载荷,发生的位移最大,并随着跳跃和落地的冲击程度增强而变大。这加剧了胫骨部位的磨损程度,因而易诱使运动员膝关节发生骨损伤,计算结果与国外相关文献相比较为一致。结果表明:借助有限元与多体动力学相结合的方法,能够较好地研究三级跳训练和竞赛过程中人体膝关节的冲击振动行为,为膝关节运动损伤开辟了一条新的研究方法,也为膝关节运动损伤的防治提供了一定的参考依据。
In order to better understand the effects of triple-jump movement on jumpers,impact behaviors of left knee joint of a healthy man athlete were studied.Based on CT and MRI scanning pictures of the jumper’s knee joint,a three-dimensional model was built,including complete femur,tibia,fibular,patellar,cartilages and main ligaments of the knee joint.Then,a method combining finite element analysis （FEA）and multi-body dynamic analysis （MDA）was used to simulate a real human triple-jump.Finally,the loading data,such as,muscle force and joint reaction obtained from an MDA were impulted into a finite element model to compute stress,strain and displacement variations of the knee joint under impact conditions.The numerical simulation results showed that the stress,stain and the displacement of medical cartilage are larger than those of lateral cartilage;the contact force and contact areas increase with increase in load,consequently,this can incur severer wear contours of the knee joint and badly injure the jumper.The computation results matched reasonably the research results in the published literatures.The results demonstrated the importance of performing MDA as a preliminary step to FEA in biomechanical fields,and the proposed method had a potential to generate a better understanding of injury mechanisms of jumpers.
出处
《振动与冲击》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第17期44-49,57,共7页
Journal of Vibration and Shock
基金
教育部第46批留学回国人员科研启动基金项目
国家留学基金资助
教育部科学研究项目(12yjazh075)
