摘要
目的：掌握渭南市饮水型氟中毒监测点改水工程运行情况及降氟效果，为渭南市上级部门在制定饮水型地方性氟中毒防治工作提供参考。方法2015年对我市大荔县新丰、连家和蔡庄村3个国家级监测点8～12周岁所有在校儿童采用Deans法进行氟斑牙检查，诊断采用Dean氏法。对未改水监测点按东、西、南、北、中随机采集至少5份水样，已改水的监测村随机采集3份末梢水，按照GB／T 5750‐2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法》中的氟化物离子选择电极法检测水氟含量，依据GB 5749‐2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》进行评价。对改水降氟的运行情况进行调查。结果连家村未改水，水氟含量均值为3．7mg／L，覆盖人口2189人。新丰村和蔡庄村已改水，为大型改水工程，工程正常运转，水氟含量为1．2 m g／L ，覆盖人口为50．69万，3个监测村水氟含量均超标。2个改水村共计检查113名8～12周岁儿童，检出氟斑牙患者65例，氟斑牙检出率为57．52％，氟斑牙指数为1．0，流行程度中等。1个未改水村检查8～12周岁儿童58人，检出氟斑牙患者45例，氟斑牙检出率为77．58％，氟斑牙指数为1．9，流行程度中等。结论渭南市3个监测村均为饮水型氟中毒病区，未改水村病情程度尤为严重，防治任务还很艰巨。进一步加大病区改水力度，加强病情监测，寻找低氟水源，确保病区百姓喝上安全的饮用水，使其早日脱离饮水型氟中毒危害。
Objective：To investigate the monitoring results of drinking‐water fluorosis in Weinan City and to provide scientific guidance for the prevention and control of drinking‐water fluorosis .Methods In 2015 , all school children aged 8‐12 years in the 3 national monitoring points of Dali ,Xinfeng Village ,Lianjia Village and Caizhuang Village in Dali County received dental fluorosis examination by Dean＇s method .For non‐improved water , samples were collected from the east , west , south , north , and middle . For improved water , 3 samples were collected ,which were then examined according to GB/T 5750‐2006“Drinking Water Standards Inspection” and GB 5749‐2006“Drinking Water Health Standards” .Results Water samples collected from Lianjia Village did not improve .The mean water fluoride content was 3 .7mg/L ,covering a population of 2189 people .Among 58 children checked ,45 had dental fluorosis .The dental fluorosis rate was 77 .58% ,and the dental fluorosis index was 1 .9 . Water samples taken from Xinfeng Village and Caizhuang Village were improved . The fluoride content was 1 .2 mg/L ,covering a population of 50 .69 million .Among 113 children checked ,65 had dental fluorosis .The dental fluorosis rate was 57 .52% ,and the dental fluorosis index was 1 .0 .The fluoride content in water in the 3 monitoring points were exceeded .Conclusions All of the 3 monitoring villages are drinking‐water fluorosis areas . The prevention and control task is still arduous .Further efforts are needed for safe and low‐fluoride water .
出处
《国外医学（医学地理分册）》
CAS
2015年第3期190-192,共3页
Foreign Medical Sciences：Section of Medgeography
关键词
氟中毒
饮水
监测
fluorosis
drinking-water
monitoring
