摘要
为了考察沼渣在草皮无土栽培中的适宜性,该文通过大田试验,设计单因素区组试验,以沼渣为原料复合有机基质培植高羊茅草皮,研究了沼渣体积分数改变对复合有机基质理化特性、高羊茅幼苗生长以及高羊茅草皮成坪性状的影响,结果表明:1)T60基质(沼渣体积分数为60%)中全氮、全磷、全钾、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质含量最高,大于其他3种基质;随着沼渣体积分数提高,复合基质的p H值显著降低,干、湿容重显著降低,入渗率和总孔隙度显著增高,保水性增大;2)复合有机基质对高羊茅幼苗生长有明显促进作用,单位面积幼苗株数、幼苗株高、幼苗叶宽、草皮盖度、颜色等级、均一性和根层厚度均显著高于对照基质,从高羊茅幼苗生长来看,以60%和90%沼渣组成的复合有机基质适于建植高羊茅草皮;3)60%沼渣复合基质下,高羊茅草皮的总生物量、地上以及地下生物量显著大于其他基质,其草皮根冠比明显小于其他基质,该基质显著改变了高羊茅草皮的地上和地下生物量分配格局,促进生物量向地上部分转移,利于草皮生长,因此,该复合有机基质为高羊茅最佳建植基质。
Biogas residue is a kind of high quality medium, being with comprehensive nutrition and rich in organic matter. In order to select new type of non-soil culture substrate, in this paper, the experiment for single factor randomized block design was carried out to study the effects of the mass fraction of biogas residue on physicochemical properties of compound organic substrate, growth characteristics of seedlings and grass turf traits of Festuca Arundinacea. In this experiment, biogas residue was used as raw material to compound organic substrate to plant tall fescue turf. The results were as follows： 1） For the T60 matrix（volume fraction of biogas residue was 60%）, the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter content were the highest, and more than the other 3 matrices, which were CK, T30 and T90（volume fractions of biogas residue were zero, 30% and 90%, respectively）; with the increase of mass fraction of biogas residue in compound organic substrate, pH value of the compound matrix decreased significantly, both dry and wet bulk density decreased, both infiltration rate and total porosity increased, water retention increased, and this amelioration effect of biogas residue decreased with the increasing of mass fraction of biogas residue; 2） All 3 compound organic substrates had significant promoting effect on the seedling growth of F. Arundinacea. The seedling number per unit area growing on T90 substrate was 22242, 30616, and 31990 for the 10^th, 20 th, and 40 th day after germination, which was increased by 54.77%, 92.01% and 91.09%, respectively, compared with CK. For the 10^th day after germination, seedling height on T90 substrate was the highest, 86.36% higher than that on CK substrate. For the 20 th day after germination, seedling heights on T60 and T90 substrate were the same, which were both 8 cm, 83.10% higher than that of seedling with CK substrate. In the 40 th day after germination, seedling heights with T60 and T90 substrate were both 10 cm, 85.71% higher than that of seedling with CK substrate. Seedling leaf width on T90 substrate was respectively 1.34, 1.81 and 1.87 cm for the 10^th, 20 th and 40 th day after germination, and it respectively increased by 50.56%, 67.59% and 94.79% compared with that of seedling on CK substrate. From the point of view of seedling growth, both T60 and T90 substrate were suitable for the cultivation of tall fescue turf; 3） For the 10^th day after germination, turf coverage on 3 compound organic substrates was higher than that of CK substrate; for the 20 th and 40 th day after germination, turf coverages with T60 substrate were respectively 81% and 100%, which were the highest and increased by 13.47% and 53.85% respectively compared with that of the CK substrate; the turf color and uniformity with T60 substrate was higher than that of the CK substrate; 4） For the 40 th day after germination, total biomass, aboveground and underground biomass and root thickness of turf under T60 substrate were significantly greater than the other 3 substrates; root shoot ratio of turf was 3.94 on T60 substrate, which was only 28.10%, 14.53% and 7.94% of that under CK, T30 and T90 substrate, respectively. T60 substrate significantly changed the distribution of aboveground and underground biomass pattern of F. Arundinacea, and significantly promoted the biomass allocation to the aboveground. Therefore, T60 substrate was the most suitable compound organic substrate for the establishment of tall fescue turf.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第17期254-260,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家“十二五”科技支撑计划课题:农业产业园区生产生活循环技术系统构建与示范(NO.2015BAL04B05)
关键词
基质
生长
物理特性
化学特性
沼渣
草皮
无土栽培
substrates
growth
physical properties
chemical properties
biogas residue
turf grass
soiless culture
