摘要
目的了解农村老年人自杀意念及影响因素,为老年人自杀意念的干预提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法进行抽样。随机抽取郴州市9个村落的988名老年人进行自杀意念水平及影响因素的调查。结果农村老年人自杀意念自评量表总分为(9.36±4.08)分,其中绝望因子得分为(3.77±2.57)分,乐观因子得分为(2.00±1.26)分,睡眠因子为(2.42±1.20)分,三因子合计得分为(8.20±3.93)分,掩饰因子得分为(1.15±0.88)分。自杀意念发生率为26.01%,不同文化程度、婚姻状况、居住方式、家庭人均月收入、邻居关系、子女关心程度的农村老年人自杀意念发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论农村老年人存在自杀意念的比例较高,护理人员应重点关注离婚、丧偶、独居、受教育程度较低、经济困难,与邻里关系不和睦,子女关心较少的老年人的心理健康状况,及时给予针对性干预,降低老年人自杀意念。
Objective To explore the suicidal ideation of the elderly living in rural areas and the influencing factors, and to provide references for suicide intervention. Methods A stratified clustered random sampling method was adopted to select 988 elderly people from 9 villages in Chenzhours rural areas. They were investigated about the suicidal ideation and related factors. Results The total score of suicidal ideation among rural elderly residents averaged （9.36±4.08）; the scores of the despair, optimistic, sleep, and cover factors averaged （3.77±2.57）, （2.00±1.26）, （2.42 ± 1.20） and （1. 15 ± 0.88） respectively, and the sum scores of the first 3 factors were （8.20±3.93）. The incidence rate of suicidal ideation was 26.01%. There were significant difference in the inci- dence rate of suicidal ideation among subjects with different education levels, marital status, residential manners, family incomes, neighborhood relationship and concerns from their children （P^0.01 for all）. Conclusion A large proportion of elderly people li- ving in rural areas tend to have suicidal ideation. Special attention should be paid to the psychological health of the elderly who are devorced, widowed, living in solitude, who have low education levels, who are facing economic hardship, who have poor relation ship with neighbors, and who receive less concerns from their children. Targeted intervention should be given to them in an effort to lower the incidence rate of suicidal ideation.
基金
2015年度湖南省教育厅科学研究一般项目(15C1280)
关键词
老年人
自杀意念
绝望
乐观
睡眠
掩饰
影响因素
the elderly
suicidal ideation
despair
optimism
sleep
cover
influencing factors
