摘要
目的分析继发性低钾血症所致心律失常患者的心电图特点、临床特征及治疗效果。方法选择海南省第二人民医院1994年11月—2014年11月确诊的继发性低钾血症所致心律失常患者184例,回顾性分析患者的临床资料,包括治疗前后血钾、心律失常发生情况、入院时临床表现、心电图检查结果及临床转归情况。结果 184例患者以室性期前收缩最多见(占40.8%),其次为频发房性期前收缩(占37.5%),心室颤动、T-U波延长及窦性心律不齐最少见。主要临床表现为乏力(占15.8%)、心悸(占15.2%)、气促(占14.1%)、胸闷(占13.6%)、低血压(占12.0%)、晕厥(占10.9%)、昏迷(占10.3%)、肠麻痹15例(占8.2%)。治疗后患者血钾高于治疗前,室性期前收缩、持续性室性心动过速、短阵尖端扭转室性心动过速及心室颤动发生率均低于治疗前(P<0.05)。结论继发性低钾血症所致心律失常患者的常见临床表现为乏力、心悸、气促、胸闷等,心电图显示心律失常以频发房性期前收缩和频发房性期前收缩较常见,经治疗其血钾及室性心律失常情况均有所改善。
Objective To analyze the electrocardiographic,clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of patients with arrhythmia caused by secondary hypokaliemia. Methods From November 1994 to November 2014 in the Second People′s Hospital of Hainan,a total of 184 patients with arrhythmia caused by secondary hypokaliemia were selected,and their clinical data was retrospectively analyzed, mainly including serum potassium and incidence of arrhythmia before and after treatment, clinical manifestations at admission, electrocardiogram examination results and clinical outcome. Results Among the 184 patients,ventricular premature beat accounted for 40. 8%,frequent atrial premature beat accounted for 37. 5%,ventricular fibrillation,T-U wave extending and sinus arrhythmia were infrequent;the main clinical manifestations included lacking in strength（ accounted for 15. 8%）,cardiopalmus（ accounted for 15. 2%）,anhelation（ accounted for 14. 1%）,chest distress （ accounted for 13. 6%）, hypotension （ accounted for 12. 0%）, syncope （ accounted for 10. 9%）, coma （ accounted for 10. 3%）,enteroparalysis（accounted for 8. 2%）. After treatment,serum potassium was statistically significantly higher than that before treatment,while incidence of ventricular premature beat,persistent ventricular tachycardia,short cutting - edge reverse ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation were statistically significantly lower than that before treatment, respectively（P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Lacking in strength,cardiopalmus,anhelation,chest distress are common clinical manifestations of patients with arrhythmia caused by secondary hypokaliemia, ventricular premature beat and frequent atrial premature beat are the most common electrocardiographic features,suitable treatment can effectively improve the serum potassium and reduce the incidence of arrhythmia.
出处
《实用心脑肺血管病杂志》
2015年第8期92-94,共3页
Practical Journal of Cardiac Cerebral Pneumal and Vascular Disease
关键词
低钾血症
心律失常
心电描记数
治疗结果
Hypokalemia
Arrhythmia
Electrocardiography
Treatment outcome
