摘要
自制缓控尿素(HKN),采用田间追肥方式,在等氮量施入条件下,通过与包膜尿素BMN、YMN以及常规尿素CGN作对比,验证其缓释效果及对土壤有效氮的动态影响。试验结果表明:不同生育时期HKN、YMN、CGN处理土壤硝态氮、铵态氮含量大体呈下降趋势,而BMN处理硝态氮含量是增高的,铵态氮含量则是先下降后上升。较其他处理比BMN、HKN处理在收获后仍有较多氮素残留。不同生育时期缓控尿素处理土壤酰胺态氮含量明显高于常规尿素和空白处理,成熟期时以HKN、BMN处理表现最优。微生物量氮变化规律与酰胺态氮相似,BMN处理含量最高,HKN次之。这表明缓控尿素氮素释放速度缓慢,在成熟期时仍有较多的残留氮素供微生物利用。从抽雄期到成熟期土壤碱解氮含量大体上呈下降趋势,但缓控尿素处理下降趋势较缓慢。全氮含量变化趋势与碱解氮相似,但BMN处理在成熟期时要高于灌浆期,在3个不同生育时期均以BMN、HKN含量最高,表明其缓控性能很好。
A new type of slow controlled release urea（HKN）was compared with several different slow release controlled urea fertilizers such as BMN,YMN,and CGN in a field experiment in order to verify their respective slow-release effects and dynamic influences on soil available nitrogen.All slow controlled release urea fertilizers were used in the field under the condition of equivalent nitrogen application amount.The results showed that in treatments of HKN,YMN and CGN,soil ammonium and nitrate nitrogen generally took on the decreasing trend in different growth periods.But in BMN treatment,nitrate nitrogen showed an increasing trend,while ammonium nitrogen increased at first and then decreased.The residual nitrogen content in soil was much higher in the treatments of BMN and HKN than in other fertilizer treatments.In different growth periods,soil amide nitrogen content was higher in the treatments of slow controlled release urea than in common urea and control treatment,but in mature stage,CK,HKN and BMN treatments performed best in this aspect.The changing law of soil microbial biomass nitrogen was similar to that of urea nitrogen,with BMN performing best,followed by HKN.This suggested that slow controlled release urea released nitrogen slowly,and therefore a lot of nitrogen could be left in the mature stage,which could be used by microorganisms.Soil alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen content generally presented the falling trend from tasseling stage to mature stage,but the speed of decline was slower in the treatments of slow controlled release urea.The changing trend of total nitrogen was similar to that of alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen.In BMN treatment,soil total nitrogen content was higher in mature stage than in grain filling stage.In 3different growth periods,soil total nitrogen content in the treatments of BMN and HKN were the highest,indicating the best slow-release effects of BMN and HKN.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期243-247,共5页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目"松辽平原区农牧结合循环生产技术集成研究与示范项目"(2012BAD14B05)
国家科技支撑计划项目"东北与黄淮海粮食主产区适应气候变化技术研发与应用"(2013BAC09B01)
吉林省科技厅重点科技成果转化项目"高效多功能夹心肥料的示范与推广"(20130303035NY)
关键词
缓控尿素
土壤有效氮
动态变化
slow controlled release urea
soil available nitrogen
dynamic change
