摘要
目的：本研究的目的是调查日本和中国失能老人主要照顾者的赋权能力和自我效能,并探讨其与老人日常生活活动能力的关系。方法在10所日本医疗机构和3所中国医疗机构中分别选择了活动时需要照顾的65岁以上老人及其照顾者200对为调查对象。采用主要照顾者赋权能力量表（ MCEM）和自我效能量表,测量照顾者的赋权能力和自我效能水平。同时以失能老人为对象,采用“日常生活活动量表”（ADL）评价其自理能力。结果中国失能老人平均年龄（71.9±6.7）岁,小于日本失能老人（83.2±7.9）岁；中国老人的ADL水平较高。中日两国照顾者的MCEM和自我效能得分均处于中等偏上水平。失能老人的ADL得分与照顾者的MCEM和自我效能得分之间呈正相关关系（ r值分别为0.29,0.25；P〈0.01）。结论中日两国照顾者的赋权能力和自我效能处于中上水平,与被照顾者的日常生活活动能力水平有正相关关系,此为开展针对照顾者的护理干预提供了新的启示。
Objective To investigate the level of Chinese and Japanese main caregivers′ empowerment and self-efficacy, and to explore the relationship between empowerment, self-efficacy and activities of daily living （ ADL） among disabled elderly. Methods A total of 200 disabled elderly who were over 65 years old and their caregivers from 10 medical institutes in Japan and 3 in China completed main caregivers′ empowerment measurement （MCEM）, self-efficacy scale （SES）, and ADL scale. Results Average age of Chinese elderly was 11 years old younger than Japanese [（71. 9 ± 6. 7） years vs （83. 2 ± 7. 9） years], and the level of ADL in Chinese elderly was higher than Japanese. MCEM and SES score of Chinese and Japanese caregivers were above average. There were positive relationships between ADL of elderly and caregiver′s MCEM score and SE score （ r=0. 29,0. 25;P 〈0. 01）. Caregivers with higher MCEM score, the elderly they took care had higher level of ADL. Conclusions The level of empowerment and self-efficacy for Japanese and Chinese caregivers are above average, and have positive correlation with the patients′ ADL level, so as to provide a inspiration of targeted nursing intervention for main caregivers.
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2015年第26期3114-3118,共5页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
