摘要
[目的]分析泥石流入汇主河后对主河的影响以及泥石流堵塞主河的模式机理。[方法]通过泥石流堵河试验,同时对历史泥石流堵河案例进行调查研究和典型性深入剖析。[结果]根据泥石流运动过程与淤积形态得出泥石流堵河的3种模式分别为顶冲堰塞堵断模式、渗混堵塞溃决模式、束窄渐进式堵塞模式。对泥石流堵塞主河3种模式的运动与成灾机理进行了初步探索。[结论]顶冲堰塞堵断模式表现为龙头顶冲对岸、物源塞满主槽、脆弱区渗漏到主体垮塌的特征;渗混堵塞溃决模式表现为短时塞满主槽,水流渗混堵塞,流量加大的特征;束窄渐进式堵塞模式表现为主槽断面束窄、局部流量瞬时加大、渐进式局部堵塞的特征。当前的历史堵河事件以束窄渐进式堵塞为主,与试验统计结果吻合较好。
[Objective]The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of debris flow on the main river and the possibility of debris flow blocking the main river.[Methods]We conducted experiments for the debris flow blocked river tests,and analyzed the debris flow blocking the river cases in history.[Results]Three basic modes of debris flow blocking river were concluded according to debris flow motion and deposition morphology.These modes included top damming block mode,seepage mixed jamming burst mode and narrow beam progressive blocking mode.Based on three modes,we studied the motion and the disaster mechanism of the debris flow blocking river.[Conclusion]The top rushed damming block mode was characterized as the top leading rushed across the side bank,provenance stuffed the main channel and the fragile parts seeped to the collapsed body.The seepage mixed jamming burst mode was characterized as short-term crammed into the main channel,water permeability mixed jam and increased flow.The narrow beam progressive blockage model was characterized as based groove section of narrow beam,local flow transient increasing and gradual local blockage.The current history in the river blocking events is mainly narrow and progressive blockage,and the results agree with the experimental results.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
2015年第5期100-105,共6页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
成都地质矿产研究所青年资助项目"极端条件下泥石流堵河灾害链效应与模型试验"(所控基[2014]-05)
地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLGP2014K020)
中国地质调查局地质调查项目(12120114069501)
关键词
泥石流
堵河
模式
debris flow
blocking river
mode
