摘要
目的分析新形势下北京市农村居民慢性病组成及控制现状。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,对北京市平谷区35岁以上常住农村居民进行调查。每位参与者均进行问卷调查,体格检查,以及血常规、尿白蛋白肌酐比值（ACR）、肝肾功能、血脂、空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白等检测。结果共10 385名村民完成所有项目。脑血管病是所有住院疾病的首位病因,占14.4%,在人群中罹患率高达9.6%。代谢相关疾病为慢性病的主要组成成分,高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病和痛风/高尿酸血症的罹患率分别为64.4%、42.5%、24.4%和9.0%。慢性病的发病与年龄密切相关,高血压的罹患率随年龄的增长而升高,糖尿病的高峰年龄为55～64岁,痛风/高尿酸血症则在35～44岁年龄段最为常见。高血压和糖尿病的知晓率为60.2%和55.1%,慢性肾病的知晓率仅为6.0%。高血压和糖尿病的控制率分别为19.2%和28.8%。结论脑血管病和代谢相关疾病为当前北京市平谷区村民的主要疾病。慢性病知晓率和控制率有待进一步提高,应同时加强慢性病健康教育,提高社区医疗服务能力,综合改善农村慢性病防控水平。
Objective To analyze the composition and control status of chronic diseases among rural residents in a Beijing suburb district. Methods Rural residents aged 35 years or older were investigated by stratified random sampling in Pinggu District, Beijing. Each participant received questionnaire-based survey,physical examination,and laboratory tests including routine blood test,urine albumin creatinine ratio（ ACR）,liver and renal function,serum lipid,fasting blood glucose,and glycosylated hemoglobin. Results A total of10 385 residents completed all items. Cerebrovascular disease was leading cause of hospitalization（ accounting for14. 4%） and its incidence in the population was 9. 6%. The incidences of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,dia-betes mellitus, and gout / hyperuricemia, which were the main compositions related with metabolic diseases,were up to 64. 4%,42. 5%,24. 4%,and 9. 0%,respectively. The disease onset was significantly related with the age. The incidence of hypertension was gradually elevated with the increasing of age,while the peak age was 55-64 years for diabetes and 35-44 years for gout / hyperuricemia. The awareness rate of hypertension,diabetes,and chronic kidney disease was 60. 2%,55. 1%,and 6. 0%,respectively. The control rate of chronic disease was 19. 2% and 28. 8% in hypertensive and diabetic patients,respectively. Conclusions Cerebrovascular diseases and metabolic-associated diseases are the main chronic diseases affecting rural residents in Pinggu district,Beijing. The awareness rate and control rate of chronic diseases needs to be further enhanced by strengthening health education and improving the community medical service.
出处
《中国医学科学院学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期528-533,共6页
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae
基金
国家十二五科技支撑计划(2012BAJ18B03)~~
关键词
农村
慢性病
控制
rural
chronic disease
control
