摘要
目的了解维持性血液透析患者饮食依从态度及饮食依从行为的水平,并探讨二者的相关性,为临床护理干预提供参考。方法采用肾脏病饮食依从态度量表及肾脏病饮食依从行为量表对80例维持性血液透析患者进行问卷调查。结果维持性血液透析患者的饮食依从态度评分(2.09±0.19)分,处于中下水平;其中自理态度得分较高,社会限制态度、健康态度及接受态度得分较低。饮食依从行为评分(2.90±0.25)分,处于中等水平;各个维度中自我护理的依从、摄钾的依从、面对困难的依从得分较高,摄盐的依从、液体限制的依从得分较低。维持性血液透析患者的饮食依从态度和饮食依从行为呈正相关(P<0.01)。社会限制态度,健康态度和接受态度的易感性能解释饮食依从行为的40.70%的变异。结论维持性血液透析患者饮食依从态度水平越高,饮食依从行为越好。护理人员应该关注患者社会限制态度,接受态度及健康态度,对"液体限制的依从"和"摄盐的依从"进行指导。
Objective To explore attitude and behavior among maintenance hemodialysis patients for adherence to dietary regimen,and to explore their correlation,and provide references for clinical nursing intervention.Methods Eighty patients on maintenance hemodialysis therapy were selected and surveyed about their attitude and behavior of diet adherence using The Renal Adherence Attitudes Questionnaire（RAAQ）and the Renal Adherence Behavior Questionnaire（RABQ）.Results The average score of RAAQ was（2.09±0.19）,below average level;the average score of attitudes toward self-care/support was relatively high,while the scores of attitude towards social restrictions,well-being and acceptance were low.The average score of RABQ was at medium level of（2.90±0.25）,with the dimensions of self-care,adherence to potassium/phosphate medication,adherence in times of particular difficulty scoring high,and adherence to sodium restrictions and adherence to fluid restrictions scoring low.The attitudes and behavior of diet adherence in maintenance hemodialysis patients were positively correlated（P〈0.01）.The attitude towards social restrictions,wellbeing and acceptance could explained 40.70% of the total variance in behaviors of diet adherence.Conclusion Maintenance hemodialysis patients who have better attitude towards diet adherence tend to have better behaviors for adherence to dietary regimen.Nursing staff should pay attention to patients′attitude towards social restrictions,well-being and acceptance,and instruct them to adhere to fluid and sodium restrictions.
关键词
维持性血液透析
饮食依从态度
饮食依从行为
相关性分析
maintenance hemodialysis
dietary adherence attitudes
dietary adherence behavior
correlation analysis
