摘要
对河北省北方山区4种建筑类型的奶牛舍和3种犊牛舍在冬季舍内外空气中氨气（NH3）和二氧化碳（CO2）含量进行检测,结果表明：奶牛舍中只有大跨度有窗密闭舍能检测出NH3含量,且NH3的日变化和垂直分布变化明显。早上NH3含量最高,是其他时间段NH3含量（中午、下午和晚上）的2.6～5.0倍,垂直空间分布上高度（0.6～1.8 m）与NH3含量成正比。所测3种犊牛舍中只有密闭性较好、有窗密闭舍能检测出NH3。从CO2检测结果分析,奶牛舍中大跨度有窗密闭舍的CO2含量最高,早晚含量高达约2 660 mg/m^3,而半开放奶牛舍CO2含量最低,约553 mg/m^3,且除了半开放舍,所有奶牛舍一天中的CO2含量均表现为早晚高中午低的日变化规律;各时间段内3种犊牛舍内CO2含量差异均未表现出显著性差异（中午除外）。另外,所有奶牛舍和犊牛舍内的CO2含量均明显高于舍外。该研究可为牛舍的建筑设计提供借鉴。
This study was to investigate noxious gas inside and outside the dairy cattle and calf houses in winter in northern mountainous area in Hebei province. Four styles of dairy cattle houses and three styles of calf houses were used here. The results show that, among detected dairy houses, the concentration of ammonia（NH3） was detected to be available only in the closed house of large span with windows. Furthermore, the daily variation and vertical distribution of NH3 concentrations were obvious in the closed dairy house of large span. NH3 concentration in the morning was highest, reaching to 2.6 ～5.0 folds over NH3 in other times（at noon, in the afternoon and evening）, and NH3 concentration was significantly increased with increasing detected heights（0.6 ～1.8 m）. Among detected calf houses,NH3 concentration was detected to be available only in well-closed house with windows. From dioxide（CO2）concentration, CO2 concentration in the large-span dairy house was highest in all dairy houses, reaching up to approximately 2 660 mg/m^3 in the morning and evening, while the concentration of semi-open dairy house was the lowest with 553 mg/m^3. The CO2 concentrations in dairy houses were high in the morning and evening but low at noon, except for semi-open dairy house. From CO2 concentrations in calf houses, no significant difference was observed in individual times except for that at noon. In the other hand, the CO2 concentrations inside these houses including dairy and calf houses were significantly higher than CO2 outside the houses. The present result could provide important information for architecture design of dairy and calf houses.
出处
《中国畜牧杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第20期81-85,共5页
Chinese Journal of Animal Science
基金
河北省现代农业产业技术体系奶牛产业创新团队建设专项资金
关键词
奶牛舍
犊牛舍
有害气体
建筑类型
dairy house
calf house
styles
noxious gas
house style
