摘要
区域土地开发利用明显影响植物多样性,因此探讨和分析其影响机理和规律显得非常重要。本文以晋中盆地为研究对象,选取林地、内陆滩涂、果园、墓地、田坎及公路用地共6种土地利用类型(简称地类)随机抽取样地,然后在样地上设置调查样方,采用Jaccard相似性指数、Gleason丰富度指数对调查数据进行处理,分析了地类对植物多样性的影响。结果表明:墓地与田坎的群落植物物种组成相似性最高,Jaccard相似性指数值为0.552;果园与公路群落植物物种组成相似性最低,Jaccard相似性指数为0.216;各种地类上植物的Gleason丰富度指数算术平均值大小依次为墓地>田坎>内陆滩涂>林地>果园>公路用地;t-检验结果显示,林地与内陆滩涂、林地与果园、林地与墓地、内陆滩涂与果园、墓地与田坎之间的植物物种丰富度差异未达到显著水平,而其他地类两两之间的差异均达到了显著水平。人为干扰强度不同是造成不同地类植物多样性差异的主要原因,研究结果为今后合理利用土地、采取有效措施保护生物多样性提供了参考依据。
Regional land development and utilization can influence plant species diversity, and analyzing the mechanisms and patterns of such influence is of great importance. In this study, six land-use types, including woodland, inland beach, orchard, cemetery, farmland furrows and highway land in Jinzhong Basin were chosen to investigate the species composition of plant com- munity. The plant diversity indices （such as the Jaccard similarity index and Gleason richness in- dex） of these six land-use types were calculated. The result showed that the highest Jaccard simi- larity index （0.552） was found between farmland furrows and cemetery land, while the lowest one （0.216） was found between orchard and highway land. The arithmetic averages of Gleason richness index were ranked as cemetery 〉 furrow 〉 inland beach 〉 woodland 〉 orchard 〉 highway land. The t-test of independent samples revealed the significant differences in Gleason richness index between most pairs of land-use types except for woodland vs. river, woodland vs. orchard, woodland vs. cemetery, river vs. orchards, and cemetery vs. furrow. Moreover, it was found that human disturbance was the principal factor responsible for the difference of plant species diversity among all land-use types. The results provide referential data to improve the rationality and effec- tiveness in land use and protection of biological diversity in future.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第11期2995-3001,共7页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31070424)资助
关键词
物种多样性
晋中盆地
土地利用类型
物种组成
人为干扰
species diversity
Jinzhong Basin
land-use type
species composition
human dis-turbance.
