摘要
激光角膜近视手术是目前成人屈光不正矫正的主要手段，已经广泛应用于临床。回顾20多年的历程，手术种类越来越多，由原来的准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（PRK），逐渐发展为准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（LASIK）、准分子激光前弹力层下角膜磨镶术（SBK），直到近几年由“刀”向“飞秒”的大转化：飞秒激光制瓣的LASIK术、飞秒激光小切口基质透镜取出术（SMILE）等。手术越来越安全，人们越来越重视角膜生物力学的稳定性。特别是，全准分子激光经角膜上皮准分子激光治疗性角膜切削术（TransPRK）的出现逐渐代替酒精制上皮瓣的准分子激光角膜上皮瓣下磨镶术（LASEK）、机械刀制上皮瓣的机械法．LASIK（Epi—LASIK），临床应用也显示出其良好的效果。围手术期的检查、评估、用药等越来越精细、重点化和个性化。以往屈光手术后的问题关注点主要在于眼部角膜结构、角膜并发症和视力稳定性方面，现在则更关注单眼角膜像差、地形图与双眼视觉的关系，以及个性化视觉要求、远期角膜结构的稳定性．甚至患者心理和精神层面的需求。
Laser corneal refractive surgery is the method for refractive error correction, with wide clinical applications. In a history of more than 20 years, more options for safer surgery have gradually become available, from pbotorefractive keratectomy （PRK）, laser in situ keratomileusis （LASIK） and sub-Bowman＇s keratomileusis （SBK）, to more recent procedures by the ＂knife＂ to ＂femtosecond＂ transformation, femtosecond laser assisted-LASIK, small incision lenticule exeraction. More attention is now focused on corneal biomechanical stability. This is especially true for exeimer laser TransPRK, which is gradually replacing LASEK. There are now good clinical resuhs with more precise, focused and personalized techniques. Post-operative focus used to be mainly on the problem of corneal structure, complications and visual acuity. Recently there has been greater focus on monocular corneal aberrations, topographic maps and the relationship between binocular vision, personalized visual requirements and long-term stability of the corneal structure. This shift in focus has even included the psychological and spiritual needs of the patients.
出处
《中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2015年第11期641-643,共3页
Chinese Journal Of Optometry Ophthalmology And Visual Science
关键词
激光
角膜
屈光外科手术
飞秒激光
Laser
Cornea
Refractive surgical procedure
Femtosecond laser
