摘要
二十二碳六烯酸(22:6n-3,DHA)和二十碳五烯酸(20:5n-3,EPA)是水生动物所需的重要n-3高度不饱和脂肪酸,DHA/EPA比例对蟹类生长发育和脂肪酸组成影响较大,而对气味物质的影响尚未见报道。采用电子鼻(E-nose)和整体材料吸附萃取气相色谱-质谱联用仪(MMSE-GC-MS)对不同DHA/EPA比例下各组中华绒螯蟹卵巢和肝胰腺的整体气味轮廓、气味物质含量及气味活性值(OAV)进行区分和比较。结果表明:(1)各组样品整体气味轮廓差异较大,第3组(DHA/EPA=2.30)、第4组(DHA/EPA=2.97)和对照组差异最小;(2)醛类是卵巢和肝胰腺中最主要的气味物质,第3组、第4组与对照组气味物质含量最为接近;(3)在卵巢和肝胰腺中,第3组的OAV值最高,对照组香气物质的OAV值最低,而不良气味物质(如三甲胺和2-戊基呋哺)的OAV值最高。以上结果表明,DHA/EPA比值为2.30左右有利于雌体河蟹香气物质的形成。
DHA and EPA are two crucial n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids for aquatic animals, and DHA/EPA ratios have the significant effects on growth, development and fatty acid composition. However, there are no available information for the effects of different DHA/EPA ratios on the odor compounds. The whole odor profile, content of odor compounds and odor activity values were distinguished and compared by E-Nose and monolithic material sorptive extraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometer （MMSE-GC-MS）. The results showed that： （1） principal component analysis （PCA） of E-Nose showed whole odor profile of each edible tissue for five groups were significantly different and 3^rd group （ DHA/EPA = 2.30） and the 4^th group （ DHA/EPA = 2.97） had the minimum difference compared to the control group. （2） Aldehydes were the major odor compounds of ovary and hepatopancre- as, and females from the 3^rd group and the 4^th group had the similar contents and composition of odor compounds with the control group. （3） As for the odor activity value （OAV）, the 3^rd group treatment had the highest OAV in either ovary or hepatopancreas among the five groups; the control group had the lowest OAV for aroma compounds, the high- est OAV for the off-flavor compounds, such as trimethylamine and 2-pentylfuran. These results suggested the appro- priate DHA/EPA ratio was approximately 2.30, which could facilitate the formation of aroma compounds for the fe- male E. sinensis.
出处
《食品与发酵工业》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第10期140-146,共7页
Food and Fermentation Industries
基金
上海市科委部分地方院校能力建设项目(13320502100)
科技部港澳台科技合作专项项目(2014DFT30270)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31471608)资助
