摘要
目的分析水痘疫苗实行2剂接种程序对北京市朝阳区水痘发病的影响。方法实施2剂接种程序后,采用描述性流行病学方法,对2010~2014年北京市朝阳区水痘病例资料进行分析。结果 4~12岁儿童2013、2014年水痘发病率较2010、2011年下降了73.41%,〈4岁和〉12岁人群发病率下降了18.75%;4~12岁儿童总发病构成比由2010、2011年的48.33%降至2013、2014年的29.09%;2014年全年疫苗销量85 752支,较2010、2011两年的平均销量增长了1.19倍,随疫苗销量上升,发病数呈下降趋势;2013、2014出现的水痘病例数较2010、2011年降低,暴发疫情数量下降;总体病例中有明确免疫史的已达50%以上,暴发疫情病例中突破病例占比高于普通病例。结论水痘疫苗采用2剂接种程序后,接种人群的总体发病大幅下降,免疫效果优于1剂接种程序。
Objective To analyze the effect of two dose immunization schedule of varicella vaccine on the incidence of varicella in Chaoyang District,Beijing City,China.Methods After the implementation of two dose of immunization schedule of varicella vaccine,the data on varicella cases occurred in Chaoyang District during 2010 ~ 2014 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results The incidences in children at ages of 4 ~ 12 years in 2013 and 2014 decreased by 73.41% than those in 2010 and 2011,while those in the populations at ages of less than 4 years and more than 12 years decreased by 18.75%.The ratio of incidence in children at ages of 4 ~ 12 years decreased from 48.33% in2010 and 2011 to 29.09% in 2013 and 2014.The sales volume of varicella vaccine in 2014 was 85 752 doses,which increased by 1.19 folds as compared with the mean sales volume in 2010 and 2011.The incidence showed a decreasing tendency with the increasing sales volume.The case number and outbreak of varicella in 2013 and 2014 decreased as compared with those in 2010 and 2011.More than 50% of the total cases had history of immunization,in which the proportion of breakthrough cases was higher than that of commom cases.Conclusion The two dose immunization schedule of varicella vaccine decreased the total incidence of varicella,of which the effect was superior to that of one dose immunization schedule.
出处
《中国生物制品学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2015年第11期1177-1179,1182,共4页
Chinese Journal of Biologicals
关键词
水痘疫苗
接种程序
突破病例
Varicella vaccine
Immunization schedule
Breakthrough case
