摘要
北极治理正发生前所未有的变化:治理主体从传统的域内国家转向包括域外国家及国际社会在内的多元伙伴关系;治理领域从科学研究、环境保护拓展到资源勘探、航运治理及经济开发等;治理模式从以北极理事会为核心的"软法"治理模式向"硬法"治理模式过渡。相形之下,北极治理的机制调适略显缓慢,使得北极治理的全球性与排他性矛盾、开发与保护矛盾、履约机制缺失、域外力量角色等挑战日益严峻。成为北极理事会正式观察员后,中国应前瞻性地拟定北极事务的深度参与战略:应顺势而为,积极增强参与能力,深化参与程度,提升话语权,深度参与北极事务,最大限度地拓展与维护中国的合法权益,为中国建设海洋强国提供保障。
The Arctic is transforming as a result of impacts from climate change, economic globalization, and geopolitical power shift. Actors in Arctic governance have increased to include not only the Arctic states but also outside major powers, international none-state actors, and other stakeholders. The fields of governance have expanded to encompass important thematic issues, such as resource exploration, shipping regulation, and economic exploitation. The governance model in the Arctic has also changed from soft law governance to hard law governance. In this context, the adjustment of Arctic governancemechanism falls short of expectations, which highlights several conflicts, namely inclusive governance vs. exclusive governance, protection vs. exploration, and new challenges like absent mechanisms of contract performing, roles of external actors, among others. China acquired the Arctic Council's observer status in May 2013 and has since been increasingly engaged in Arctic governance. Under new circumstances, the Arctic is becoming strategic new frontiers for China. China should strengthen its capacity, deepen the level of engagement, enhance its discourse power in Arctic affairs, in order to serve and expand its legitimate Arctic interests, and thus ensure China's goal of building a strong maritime power.
出处
《国际展望》
CSSCI
2015年第6期66-79,共14页
Global Review
基金
国家社科基金一般项目"北极治理新态势与中国应对策略研究"(15BGJ058)
教育部哲学社会科学发展报告培育项目"北极地区发展报告"(13JBGP019)
教育部重大课题攻关项目"新时期中国海洋战略研究"(13JZD041)的阶段性成果
