摘要
目的评价中国（未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区）2012-2014年麻疹监测系统（Measles Surveillance System,MSS）的运转状况,为加强麻疹监测、消除麻疹提供参考。方法分析31个省（自治区、直辖市,下同）2012-2014年通过MSS报告的疑似麻疹病例个案数据库,评价MSS的主要运转指标。结果全国2012年共报告疑似麻疹37 635例,其中6183例为麻疹（98.5%为实验室确诊病例）,排除麻疹31 452例;2013年共报告疑似麻疹78 387例,其中27 646例为麻疹（96.3%为实验室确诊病例）,排除麻疹50 741例;2014年共报告疑似麻疹127 522例,其中52 628例为麻疹（91.8%为实验室确诊病例）,排除麻疹74 894例。2009年以来MSS各项运转指标逐年提高,2012-2014年,全国排除麻疹病例报告发病率分别为2.34/10万、3.74/10万、4.34/10万（2014年有24个省〉2/10万）,疑似麻疹病例48小时内个案调查率分别为98.3%、98.5%、98.3%（所有省均〉80%）,疑似麻疹病例血清学检测结果 〈7天报告率分别为97.1%、97.5%、95.3%（2014年有29个省〉80%）,散发疑似麻疹病例血标本采集率分别为97.3%、97.5%、96.5%（2014年有30个省〉80%）。2012-2014年,麻疹爆发疫情实验室确诊率均〉90%,但麻疹爆发疫情病原学标本采集率仅从36.4%上升至78.3%。结论中国MSS运转良好,2009年以来各项监测指标均逐年提高。但各省MSS运转质量不均衡,需进一步提高MSS敏感性、特异性和及时性,以适应消除麻疹需要。
Objective To evaluate the running status of the measles surveillance system（ MSS） of China（ excluding Hong Kong special administrative region,Macao special administrative region,and Taiwan region） during 2012-2014. Methods Case based measles surveillance data were reported by 31 provinces（ municipalities,autonomous regions） through MSS during 2012-2014; we analyzed performance indicators of MSS. Results In 2012,a total of 37,635 suspected measles cases were reported through MSS,of which6,183 were classified as measles cases（ 98. 5% of these were laboratory confirmed）,and 31,452 were discarded. A total of 78,387 suspected measles cases were reported in 2013; 27,646 were classified as measles cases（ 96. 3% laboratory confirmed）,and 50,741 were discarded. In 2014,127,522 suspected measles cases were reported,of which 52,628 were classified as measles cases（ 91. 8% laboratory confirmed）,and 74,894 were discarded. The reported incidence of discarded measles case was 2. 34 per 100,000 population in 2012,3. 74 per 100,000 population in 2013,and 4. 34 per 100,000 population in 2014（ 24 provinces exceeded 2. 0 per 100,000 population）. The percentages of suspected measles cases investigated within 48 hours of being reported were 98. 3%,98. 5%,and 98. 3% during 2012 through 2014,respectively,and all provinces exceeded 80% in2014. The percentages of serum specimens with laboratory results reported within 7 days of collectionwere 97. 1%,97. 5%,and 95. 3%（ 29 provinces exceeded 80% in 2014）. Percentages of suspected measles cases with adequate serum specimens were 97. 3%,97. 5%,and 96. 5% during 2012 through 2014,and 30 provinces exceeded 80% in 2014. The percentage of outbreaks that were laboratory-confirmed was maintained 〉90%,and the percentage of outbreaks with specimens collected for virus detection increased from 36. 4% to 78. 3%. Conclusions Measles surveillance data showed that MSS is performing well in China. All performance indicators havebeen increasing since 2009,meeting the criteria of national measles surveillance guideline. However,additional efforts are needed in some provinces to enhance quality of their MSS and maintain all performance indicators at levels to meet the requirements of measles elimination.
出处
《中国疫苗和免疫》
北大核心
2015年第4期405-409,474,共6页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
关键词
麻疹
监测系统
运转
Measles
Surveillance system
Performance
