摘要
采用联合国粮农组织(FAO)推荐的方法 Penman-Monteith公式(PM公式)和作物系数,结合当地的气象资料,研究了吉林四平地区玉米和大豆生育期内多年平均降水量与需水量的变化特征,利用皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布曲线,通过频率分析确定不同水文年份的有效降水量和需水量。结果表明:四平地区玉米多年平均有效降水量、需水量和缺水量值分别为423.24mm、503.73mm、80.49mm;大豆多年平均有效降水量、需水量和缺水量分别为442.62mm、484.18mm、41.56mm。在丰水年(P=25%)、平水年(P=50%)和枯水年(P=75%),玉米生育期内平均有效降水量分别为517.47mm、425.60mm、352.79mm,需水量分别为504.88mm、467.83mm、506.29mm;大豆生育期内有效降水量分别为540.23mm、452.26mm、371.42mm,需水量分别为434.67mm、498.80mm、450.77mm。因此在作物生长快速的生长期和开花-结实期若能进行补充灌溉,可显著保障粮食高产稳产。
Temporal distributions of precipitation and water requirements of maize and soybean during the growth period in Siping region were analyzed.Crop water requirement was computed using the Penman-Monteith equation(FAO 56 PM formula)and crop coefficients.Effective precipitation and water requirements(ETc)for maize and soybean sin different hydrological years were analyzed using the P-III distribution curve.Results showed that the average effective precipitation,water requirement(ETc),and water deficit are 423.24,503.73,and 80.49 mm respectively for maize,and 442.62,484.18,and 41.56 mm respectively for soybean in Siping region.During the wet year(P=25%),normal year(P=50%),and dry year(P=75%),the effective precipitation is 517.47,425.60,and 352.79 mm respectively,and the corresponding water requirement is 504.88,467.83,and 506.29 mm respectively for maize;whereas the effective precipitation is 540.23,452.26,and 371.42 mm respectively,and the corresponding water requirement is 434.67,498.80,and 450.77 mm respectively for soybean.Supplementary irrigations at the fast development stage of maize and at the blossom and productive stage of soybean are important for maintaining high yields in Siping region.
出处
《南水北调与水利科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期1225-1228,1232,共5页
South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology
基金
水利部公益项目(201401036)
国家自然科学基金项目(51179005
51479004)
关键词
四平地区
参考作物蒸散发
需水量
缺水量
频率分析
Siping region
reference crop evapotranspiration
water requirement
water deficit
frequency analysis
