摘要
目的了解河北省农村学校自建集中式供水卫生安全风险状况,加强学校自建集中式供水重点监督管理,保障农村学校师生饮水卫生安全。方法采取分层和随机的方法,河北省所有设区市每市随机抽查3个县,每县随机抽取4个有自建集中式供水设施的农村学校作为被调查单位,每个学校采集2份末梢水进行检测,检测数据应用SPSS和SAS方法进行统计分析。结果抽查的132所学校自建集中式供水全部办理了供水卫生许可证,水源是深层地下水,均无检验室,供水消毒实施率为3.8%,水源周围环境无污染源90.2%,取水、送水防护合格率85.6%,蓄水设施防护合格率78.0%;水质检测总合格率73.7%,总大肠菌群、菌落总数、p H值合格率分别为83.2%、87.4%、83.6%,在大肠杆菌超标水样中56.8%检出耐热大肠杆菌。结论河北省农村学校自建集中式供水存在较大污染机会,存在人和温血动物粪便污染情况,具有较高引发饮水安全事件的风险,建议加强监督和管理,消除污染隐患,减少和防止饮水安全事故的发生。
Objective To investigate the safety and risk conditions of self- constructed concentrative water supply in rural schools,so as to promote the supervision and management of their water supply and safeguard the safety and cleaning of water for teachers and students in these rural schools. Methods Multi- level and random methods were used. 4 schools in 33 counties of Hebei province were chosen randomly as the investigation objectives and 2 samples of water in each school were tested. The data of investigation were analyzed by the methods of SPSS and SAS. Results All the 132 self- constructed concentrative water supply in schools had been certificated to supply water. Water supply was from groundwater,but none had a laboratory to examine the water,3. 8% of them had water antisepsis procedure,and around 90. 2% of them had an environment without pollution,85. 6% have protection measures during the process of water pumping and transport,and78. 0% have storage facilities protection. The general eligibility rate of water quality tests was 73. 7% and the eligibility rates of general coli form,general bacteria and PH value were 83. 2%,87. 4%,83. 6% respectively. Among all samples with coli form,found 56. 8% of them are heat resistant e. coli. Conclusions The risk of water pollution was high in the rural schools of Hebei Province. There existed the pollution of human being and warm- blooded animals. So supervision and management should be strengthened to rid the pollution risks to reduce and prevent the water- drinking accidents.
出处
《医学动物防制》
2015年第11期1213-1215,共3页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
关键词
农村学校
自建集中式供水
风险
分析
Rural schools
Self-constructed concentrative water supply
Risk
Analysis
