摘要
目的观察广东省梅州市盐碘含量调整前后人群碘营养状况，为评估调整后食盐碘含量安全状况及完善食盐碘化政策提供科学依据。方法以2012年盐碘含量下调时间为界点，分别于下调前（2011年9月）及下调后（2012年9月、2013年9月），采用分层随机抽样方法，采集居民饮用水水样．用硫酸铈催化分光光度法测定水碘；采集8—10岁儿童尿样，采用砷铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘；采集居民户食用盐样，用直接滴定法检测食盐碘含量。结果共检测水样422份，水碘中位数为2．4μg／L。其中集中式供水（n=163）与分散式供水（n=259）的水碘中位数分别为2．1、2．9μg／L，二者比较差异有统计学意义（U=-2．526，P〈0．05）。2011、2012年采集8．10岁儿童尿样800、803份，尿碘中位数分别为216．5、207．5μg／L，均高于2013年（n=807，190．0μg／L，x2=17．040、24．868，P均〈0．05）；与2011、2012年比较，2013年尿碘≥300μg／L的比例显著下降[26．5％（212／800）、24．5％（197／803）比19．3％（156／807），x2=11．695、6．363，P均〈0．05]；与2011年比较，2013年尿碘〈100μg／L的比例有所上升[13．5％（108／800）比18．0％（145／807），x2=6．045，P〈0．05]。3年间共检测居民户食用盐样2410份，碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率均≥98．8％。2011、2012、2013年分别采集盐样800、803、807份，盐碘中位数分别为31．0、27．7、25．4mg／kg，3年间比较差异有统计学意义（H=91．422，P〈0．05）。结论盐碘含量下调后，碘过量风险显著下降，全市人群碘营养水平达到理想的适宜状态。调整后的盐碘含量是适宜、安全的。
Objective To master the status of iodine content in drinking water and iodine nutritional status of population before and after the salt iodine concentration reduction in 2012 in Meizhou City, and to provide a scientific basis for safety assessment of salt iodine content after adjustment of the policy. Methods Using stratified random sampling method, drinking water samples were collected, and iodide content was measured by cerous sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry. Urine samples of children aged 8 - 10 were collected, in which the iodide content was quantitatively tested by arsenic cerium catalytic speetrophotometry. Samples of household edible salt were collected to determine iodine content by direct titration in 2012 before （September 2011）, and after the salt iodine concentration reduction （September 2012 and September 2013）. Results A total of 422 water samples were measured, the median iodine content of water was 2.4 μg/L. The water iodine median was 2.1 μg/L in centralized water supply （n = 163）, and 2.9 μg/L in decentralized water supply （n = 259）, the difference was statistically significant （U = - 2.526, P 〈 0.05）. Totally 800 and 803 urine samples of children aged 8 - 10 were collected in 2011 and 2012, median urinary iodine was 216.5 and 207.5 μg/L, respectively, whieh were higher than that in 2013 （n = 807, 190.0 μg/L, X2 = 17.040, 24.868, all P 〈 0.05）. Urinary iodine ≥300 μg/L ratio was significantly decreased （2013 than 2011 and 2012, 19.3% （156/807） vs. 26.5% （212/800） and 24.5% （197/803）, x2 = 6.363, 11.695, all P 〈 0.05）, and urinary iodine 〈 100 μg/L rose in the proportion （2013 than 2011, 18.0% vs. 13.5%, X2= 6.045, P 〈 0.05）. A total of 2 410 household salt samples were tested, and the coverage rate of iodized salt, iodized salt qualified rate, the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were all higher than 98.8%. Totally 800, 803 and 807 salt samples were collected in 2011, 2012 and 2015, the salt iodine medians were 31.0, 27.7 and 25.4 mg/kg, respectively, the difference between the salt iodine medians was statistically significant （H = 91.422, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions Iodine excess risk is significantly decreased, and the level of iodine nutritional status of the city＇s population is appropriate after the salt iodine concentration reduction in 2012. The salt iodine concentration adjusted is suitable and safe. [Key words ] Drinking; Urine; Salts; Iodine
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第12期892-894,共3页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
广东省梅州市医药卫生科研项目（2012-B-28）
关键词
饮水
尿
盐类
碘
Drinking
Urine
Salts
Iodine
