摘要
目的比较鲍曼不动杆菌（Acinetobacter baumannii,AB）在重症加强护理病房（intensive care unit,ICU）与非ICU科室的耐药性,为医院感染防控提供依据。方法采用VITEK-2 COMPACT系统进行菌种鉴定,纸片扩散法进行药敏试验,医院感染实时监测预警系统统计耐药率。结果 （1）共检出病原微生物2797株,经培养分离出AB 385株,占13.76%,其中ICU230株,非ICU科室155株。（2）AB主要来自于痰液（289株,占75.1%）,以及脑脊液（22,5.7%）和分泌物标本（19,4.9%）等。（3）ICU的AB耐药株和泛耐药株检出比例高于非ICU科室,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=8.863,P=0.003）。（4）药敏结果示：ICU检出的AB菌株对亚胺培南、美洛培南、哌拉西林、阿米卡星等耐药率高于非ICU科室,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 ICU病房AB检出率、耐药性均高于非ICU病房,应加强其耐药性监测,合理使用抗菌药物,防止耐药AB医院感染的流行。
Objective To compare the drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii（AB） between intensive care units（ICU） and nonICU departments, in order to provide evidence for control of nosocomial infection. Methods All the isolated AB strains were identified by VITEK-2 COMPACT system. Antimicrobial susceptibility test were conducted by disc diffusion test, and drug resistance rates were calculated by nosocomial infection real-time monitoring and early warning system. Results（1） A total of 2797 pathogenic microorganism were detected, and 385 strains of AB were cultured and isolated, which made up 13.76% of total isolated sample. 230 of which were isolated from ICU, and 155 from non-ICU departments.（2） Sputum was the main source where AB were isolated（289, 75.1%）, followed by cerebrospinal fluid（22, 5.7%） and blood sample（19, 4.9%）, etc.（3） Drug resistant strains of AB were isolated higher in ICU than non-ICU departments, and the difference was statistically significant（χ^2=8.863, P=0.003）.（4） Drug sensitivity test results showed： strains of AB that isolated from ICU had higher drug resistance for imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin and amikacin than non-ICU departments, and the difference were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusions The isolation rate and drug resistance rate of AB in ICU is higher than that in non-ICU departments. Surveillance for drug resistance should be reinforced, and rational use of antimicrobial agents is critical to prevent the prevalence of drug resistant AB in nosocomial infection.
出处
《中华灾害救援医学》
2015年第12期666-668,共3页
Chinese Journal of Disaster Medicine
关键词
鲍曼不动杆菌
耐药性
医院感染
Acinetobacter baumannii
drug resistance
nosocomial infection
